WORKS CITED

Books

Abbey, Charles J. and John H. Overton. The English Church in the Eighteenth Century, A New Edition, Revised and Abridged. London: Longmans, Green, & Co, 1887.

Abbott-Smith, G. A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1936.

Achtemeier, Paul J. Romans: Interpretation Bible Commentary. Atlanta: John Knox, 1985.

Adam, Ben. The Origin of Heathendom. 1937; Reprinted as Astrology: the Ancient Conspiracy. Minneapolis: Bethany Fellowship, 1963.

Adams, Gwenfair Walters. Reformation Commentary on Scripture: Romans 1-8. Vol. 7. Timothy George, ed. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2019.

Adams, Jay. Decisional Regeneration. Canton: Free Grace, 1972.

__________. Competent to Counsel. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1970.

Agnew, Milton S. More Than Conquerors. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1977.

Alford, Henry. The Greek Testament. 4 vols. 1863-1866. Reprint, Chicago: Moody, 1958.

Ames, William. The Marrow of Theology. 3rd ed. 1629. Rpt. Boston: Pilgrim Press, 1968. This is a translation from Medulla Theologiae (1623).

Agersnap, Søren. Baptism and the New Life: A Study of Romans 6:1-14. Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press, 1999.

Ambrose. Letters. Nicene and Post Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace, eds. Second Series. Volume 10.

Ambrosiaster, Commentaries on Romans and 1-2 Corinthians. Gerald L. Bray, ed. Ancient Christian Texts. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2009. [ACT]

Apostolic Constitutions. The Ante-Nicene Fathers. Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson, eds. Volume 7.

Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica. 3 vols. 1265-1273. Reprint, New York: Benziger Brothers, 1947.

Arminius, James. The Works of James Arminius: The London Edition. 3 vols. transl by James and William Nichols. 1828; Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker, 1996.

Arndt, William F., F. Wilbur Gingrich. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. 2nd ed. Walter Bauer’s 5th ed. Revised by F. Wilbur Ging­rich and Frederick W. Danker. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1979.

Asbury, Francis. The Journal and Letters of Francis Asbury. Elmer T. Clark, ed. 3 vols. Nashville: Abingdon, 1958.

__________. The Causes, Evils, and Cures of Heart and Church Divisions, Thomas O. Summers, ed. 1855; Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1978.

Augustine, Aurelius. Confessions. The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff, ed. First Series. Volume 1.

__________. The City of God. The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff, ed. First Series. Volume 2.

__________. The Enchiridion. The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff, ed. First Series. Volume 3.

__________. Against Two Letters of the Pelagians. The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff, ed. First Series. Volume 5.

Aulén, Gustaf. Christus Victor. A. G. Hebert, transl. New York: Macmillan, 1931.

Bahnsen, Greg L. “The Inerrancy of the Autographa” in Inerrancy. Norman L. Geisler, ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1979.

__________. Theonomy in Christian Ethics. Nutley, NJ: Craig Press, 1979.

__________. By This Standard. Tyler, TX: Institute for Christian Economics, 1985.

__________. Homosexuality: A Biblical View. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1978.

__________. and Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr. House Divided: The Break-Up of Dispensational Theology. Tyler, TX: Institute for Christian Economics, 1989.

__________. “The Theonomic Reformed Approach to Law and Gospel.” Five Views on Law and Gospel. Wayne G. Strickland, ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996. Published in 1993 as The Law, the Gospel, and the Modern Christian.

Bangs, Carl. Arminius: A Study in the Dutch Reformation. 1971. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Francis Asbury Press, 1985.

Bangs, Nathan. “The Spirit’s Influence.” The Methodist Preacher; Containing Twenty-Eight Sermons on Doctrinal and Practical Subjects. David Holmes, ed. Auburn and Buffalo: Miller, Orton & Mulligan, 1854. pp. 35-44.

Banks, John S. A Manual of Christian Doctrine. John J. Tigert, ed. Nashville: Smith & Lamar, 1915.

Barclay, William. The Daily Study Bible Series, Revised Ed. The Letter to the Romans Philadelphia: Westminster, 1975.

__________. New Testament Words. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1964.

Barnhouse, Donald Grey. Expositions of Bible Doctrines Taking the Epistle to the Romans as a Point of Departure. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1952-1964. 10 vols.

Barrett, C. K. A Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. New York: Harper & Row, 1957. Rev. ed. Black’s New Testament Commentary. London: Continuum, 1991.

Barrett, Matthew and Ardel B. Caneday, eds. Four Views on the Historical Adam. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2013.

Barron, Bruce. Heaven on Earth? The Social and Political Agendas of Dominion Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992.

Barr, Josiah Henry. Early Methodists Under Persecution. 1916; Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul 1978.

Barth, Karl. Epistle to the Romans. 6th ed. Edwyn C. Hiskyns, transl. London: Oxford University Press, 1933.

Basil. Concerning Baptism. Vol. 9 The Fathers of the Church: Saint Basil Ascetical Works. M. Monica Wagner, transl. New York: Fathers of the Church, 1950.

Bauer-Danker-Arndt-Gindrich. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago, 2000.

Beale, G. K. The New International Greek Testament Commentary: The Book of Revelation. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999. [NIGTC]

Bebbington, David. Holiness in Nineteenth-Century England. Carlisle, Cumbria, UK: Paternoster, 2000.

Beet, Joseph Agar. A Commentary on St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans. 10^th ed. 1902. Reprint, Salem, OH: Allegheny, 1982. Between 1877 and 1902 there were ten editions of Beet’s Commentary on Romans. Apparently there was only minor revision through the first eight editions, but the whole commentary was rewritten for the 9th edition of 1900. Although it was the 10th edition which was reprinted, several important statements were omitted, which I have located in previous editions. References are to the 10th edition, however, unless specifically noted.

Beilby, James K. and Paul R. Eddy, eds. Divine Foreknowledge: Four Views. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2001.

Bence, Clarence L. Romans: A Bible Commentary in the Wesleyan Tradition. Indianapolis: Wesleyan Publishing House, 1996.

Benson, Joseph. The Holy Bible, with Notes, All the Marginal Readings, Summaries, and the Date of Every Transaction, 2nd ed. 5 vols. 1811-1818. Reprint, New York: Carlton & Phillips, 1856.

__________. Sermons, and Plans of Sermons on Many of the Most Important Texts of Holy Scripture. 7 vols. Baltimore: Armstrong & Plaskitt, 1824-1828.

Berkhof, Louis. Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1941.

Beza, Theodore, A book of Christian questions and answers: Wherein are set forth the chief points of the Christian religion in manner of an abridgment. London: William How, 1574.

Binney, Amos and Daniel Steele. The People’s Commentary. New York: Eaton & Mains, 1878.

Blackwelder, Boyce W. Toward Understanding Romans. Anderson, IN: Warner, 1962.

__________. Light from the Greek New Testament. 1958. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker, 1976.

Bloesch, Donald G. God The Almighty. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1995.

__________. The Last Things. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2004.

Blunck, Jürgen. “Freedom.” NIDNTT. Colin Brown, ed. 1:715-721.

Bock, Darrell L. Three Views on the Millennium and Beyond. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1999.

Boettner, Loraine. The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination. Nutley, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1932.

Boice, James Montgomery. Romans. 4 vols. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1991-1995:

Justification by Faith. Vol. 1. Romans 1-4. 1991.

The Reign of Grace. Vol. 2. Romans 5-8. 1992.

God and History. Vol. 3. Romans 9-11. 1993.

The New Humanity. Vol. 4. Romans 12-16. 1995.

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. The Cost of Discipleship. 2nd ed. R. H. Fuller, transl. New York: Macmillan, 1960.

Botterweck, G. Johannes and Helmer Ringgren, eds. John T. Willis, transl. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. 11 vols. to date. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974-. [TDOT]

Bowne, Borden Parker. The Christian Life, a Study. Cincinnati: Curts & Jennings, 1899.

Boyd, Gregory A. Letters from a Skeptic. Wheaton, IL: Victor, 1994.

__________. God of the Possible: Does God Ever Change His Mind? Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000.

Bray, Gerald, ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture. Thomas C. Oden, gen. ed. Romans. Vol. 6. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1998. [ACCS]

Brengle, Samuel Logan. The Guest of the Soul. London: Marshall, Morgan, and Scott, 1934.

Brockett, Henry E. Scriptural Freedom from Sin. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1941.

__________. The Christian and Romans 7. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1972.

Brown, Charles Ewing. The Meaning of Sanctification. 1945. Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1980.

Brown, Colin, ed. The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology. 3 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1975. [NIDNTT]

Brown, John. Analytical Exposition of the Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans. 1857. Rpt. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1981.

Bruce, F. F. Word Biblical Commentary: 1 & 2 Thessalonians. Vol. 45. Waco, TX: Word, 1982.

__________. Tyndale New Testament Commentaries: Romans. Vol. 6. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1963. [TNTC]

__________. The New International Commentary on the New Testament: Acts. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1954.

Brunner, Emil. The Letter to the Romans: A Commentary. H. A. Kennedy, transl. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1959.

__________ and Karl Barth. Natural Theology. Peter Frankel, transl. London: Centenary Press, 1946.

Bukhari, Muhammad al. Hadith Bukhari. AD 846.

Bunting, Jabez. Sermons. 2 vols. New York: Carlton & Porter, 1863-1864.

__________. Justification by Faith. A Sermon Preached in Albion-Street Chapel, at Leeds, On Monday, July Twenty-seventh, 1812 and Published at the Request of the Methodist Conference, Then assembled in that Town. 2nd ed. Leeds: James Nichols, 1814.

Burwash, Nathaniel, ed. Wesley’s Doctrinal Standards. Toronto: William Briggs, 1881.

__________. Manual of Christian Theology on the Inductive Method. London: Horace Marshall & Sons, 1900.

__________. A Handbook of the Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans. 2nd ed. Toronto: William Briggs, 1900.

Cahill, Thomas. The Gifts of the Jews. New York: Anchor Books, 1998.

Cairns, Earle. Christianity Through the Centuries, Revised Ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1967.

Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. 2 vols. Henry Beveridge, transl. 1559. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.

__________. Institutes of the Christian Religion. 2 vols. ed. John T. McNeill. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1960.

__________. Concerning the Eternal Predestination of God. J. K. S. Reid, transl. 1552. Reprint, Louisville: John Knox Press, 1997.

__________. Commentaries on the Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans. John Owen, transl. and ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1955.

Carter, Charles W., ed. The Wesleyan Bible Commentary. 6 vols. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1966.

Carus, William, ed. Memoirs of the Life of the Rev. Charles Simeon. 3rd ed. London: J. Hatchard, 1848.

Carradine, Beverly. The Better Way. Cincinnati: Martin Wells Knapp, 1896.

__________. The Old Man. Cincinnati: God’s Revivalist, 1896.

Carter, Charles W., ed. A Contemporary Wesleyan Theology. 2 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983.

Chadwick, Samuel. Humanity and God. 1904. Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1982.

Chafer, Lewis Sperry. He That Is Spiritual. 1918. Reprint, Philadelphia: Sunday School Times, 1924.

__________. Systematic Theology. 8 vols. Dallas: Dallas Seminary Press, 1948.

__________. Grace. Philadelphia: Sunday School Times, 1922.

Chalke, Steve and Alan Mann. The Lost Message of Jesus. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2003.

Chiles, Robert E. Theological Transition in American Methodism: 1790-1935. Nashville: Abingdon, 1965.

Chilton, David. Paradise Restored. Tyler, TX: Reconstruction Press, 1985.

__________. The Days of Vengeance: An Exposition of the Book of Revelation. Ft. Worth: Dominion Press, 1987.

Chrysostom, John. Homilies on Romans. The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff, ed. First Series. Vol. 11.

Clark, Gordon. The Biblical Doctrine of Man. Jefferson, MD: Trinity Foundation, 1984.

Clarke, Adam. The Wesley Family. 2nd ed. 1848. Reprint, Taylors, SC: VanHooser, 1976.

__________. The Miscellaneous Works of Adam Clarke. 13 vols. James Everett, ed. London: T. Tegg, 1836-1837.

__________. Christian Theology. 1835. Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1967.

__________. The Holy Bible, Containing the Old and New Testaments: The Text Carefully Printed from the Most Correct Copies of the Present Authorized Translations, Including the Marginal Reading and Parallel Texts; with a Commentary and Critical Notes, Designed as a help to a Better Understanding of the Sacred Writings. 6 vols. 1811-1825; Rpt. Nashville: Abingdon, 1950.

__________. Discourses on Various Subjects Relative to the Being and Attributes of God and His Works in Creation, Providence, and Grace. 4 vols. New York: Waugh & Mason, 1832. Volumes 5-8 in The Miscellaneous Works of Adam Clarke. James Everett, ed. London: T. Tegg, 1836-1837. 13 vols.

Clement of Alexandria. Stromata. The Ante-Nicene Fathers. Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson, eds. Vol. 2.

Clement of Rome. The First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians. The Ante-Nicene Fathers. Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson, eds. Vol. 1.

Coke, Thomas. A Commentary on the Holy Bible. 6 vols. London: G. Whitfield, 1801-1803.

__________. A Sermon on the Witness of the Spirit: Preached at Baltimore before the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, on Sunday, November 4th, 1792. Philadelphia: Parry Hall, 1793.

__________. A series of Letters addressed to the Methodist Connection, explaining the important doctrines of Justification by Faith, and the direct witness of the Spirit, as taught by the preachers of that body, and vindicating these doctrines from the misrepresentations and erroneous conclusion of the Rev. Melville Horne, minister of Christ Church, Macclesfield, in five letters, written by that gentleman. London: the author, 1810.

Collins, Kenneth J. Wesley on Salvation. Grand Rapids: Francis Asbury, 1989.

__________. The Theology of John Wesley. Nashville: Abingdon, 2007.

__________. “The Doctrine of Justification: Historic Wesleyan and Contemporary Understandings,” in Justification: What’s at Stake in the Current Debate, Mark Husbands and Daniel J. Treier, eds. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2004.

Compton, Jared and Andrew David Naselli, eds. Three Views on Israel and the Church: Perspectives on Romans 9-11. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2018.

Coppedge, Allan. John Wesley in Theological Debate. Wilmore, KY: Wesley Heritage, 1987.

Cottrell, Jack. The College Press NIV Commentary: Romans. 2 vols. College Press: Joplin, MO, 1998.

Cox, Leo George. John Wesley’s Concept of Perfection. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1964.

Cragg, Gerald R. The Interpreter’s Bible: Romans [Exposition]. George Arthur Buttrick, ed. Nashville: Abingdon-Cokesbury, 1954. Vol. 9.

Cranfield, C. E. B. International Critical Commentary: A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. 2 vols. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1975; 1979. [ICC]

Cremer, Hermann. Biblico-Theological Lexicon of New Testament Greek. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1878.

Cullmann, Oscar. Christ and Time: The Primitive Christian Conception of Time and History. Rev. ed. Floyd V. Filson, transl. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1964.

__________. The State in the New Testament. English translation. London: SCM, 1957.

__________. Baptism in the New Testament. J. K. S. Reid, transl. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1950.

Curtis, Olin A. The Christian Faith. 1905. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1978.

Cyril of Jerusalem. Catechetical Lectures. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace, eds. Second Series. Vol. 7.

Dana, H. A. and Julius R. Mantey. A Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament. New York: MacMillan, 1927.

Dayton, Wilber T. “A Wesleyan Note on Election.” Perspectives on Evangelical Theology. Kenneth S. Kantzer and Stanley N. Gundry, eds. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1979.

Dallimore, Arnold. Forerunner of the Charismatic Movement: The Life of Edward Irving. Chicago: Moody, 1983.

DeMar, Gary. Last Days Madness. 3rd ed. Atlanta: American Vision, 1997.

Denney, James. The Expositor’s Greek Testament. W. Robertson Nicoll, ed. Vol. 2. 1900. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1951.

Deschner, John. Wesley’s Christology. Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1985.

Donne, John. The Complete Poetry and Selected Prose of John Donne. Charles M. Coffin, ed. New York: Random House, 1952.

Doty, Thomas K. Lesson in Holiness. 1881. Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1960s.

Douglas, J. D. ed. New Bible Dictionary, 2nd ed. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1982.

Duewel, Wesley L. The Holy Spirit and Tongues. Winona Lake, IN: Light and Life, 1974.

__________. Let God Guide You Daily. Grand Rapids: Francis Asbury, 1988.

Dunn, James D. G. Baptism in the Holy Spirit. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1970.

__________. Word Biblical Commentary: Romans 1-8. Vol. 38A. Dallas: Word, 1988; Romans 9-16. Vol. 38B. Dallas: Word, 1988. [WBC]

__________ and Alan M Suggate. The Justice of God. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994.

Dunning, H. Ray. Grace, Faith, and Holiness. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1988.

__________. “Presuppositions of a Wesleyan Eschatology” The Second Coming. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1995.

Duty, Guy. If Ye Continue. Minneapolis: Bethany Fellowship, 1966.

Edersheim, Alfred. The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah. 1883; Reprint, Two Volumes in One. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1971.

Earle, Ralph. Word Meanings in the New Testament. 6 vols. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1974.

Edwards, James R. New International Biblical Commentary. W. Ward Gasque, ed., Vol. 6: Romans. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1992. [NIBC]

Elwell, Walter, A., ed. Evangelical Dictionary of Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1984.

Enns, Peter. The Evolution of Adam: What the Bible Does and Doesn’t Say about Human Origins. Grand Rapids: Braxon, 2012.

Erickson, Millard J. Christian Theology. One-Volume Edition. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1985.

Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History AD 325. Reprint, Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1998.

__________. Preparation for the Gospel. Edwin Hamilton Gifford, transl. 2 vols. AD 314; Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker 1981.

Fairbairn, Patrick. Hermeneutical Manual; or, Introduction to the Exegetical Study of the Scriptures of the New Testament.Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1858.

Fee, Gordon. God’s Empowering Presence: The Holy Spirit in the Letters of Paul. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1994.

__________. “Toward a Pauline Theology of Glossolalia.” Pentecostalism in Context: Essays in Honor of William W. Menzies. Wonsuk Ma and Robert P. Menzies, eds. JPTS 11; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 1997.

__________. The New International Commentary on the New Testament: The First Epistle to the Corinthians. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1987.

Feinburg, John. “God Ordains All Things.” Predestination and Free Will. David and Randall Basinger, eds. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1986.

Ferguson, Sinclair B. The Holy Spirit. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1996.

Field, Benjamin. The Student’s Handbook of Christian Theology. New York: Methodist Book Concern, 1887.

Finney, Charles. Systematic Theology. 1846-1847. Reprint, Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1976.

Fisk, Samuel. Election and Predestination. Bicester, England: Penfold Book & Bible House, 1997.

Fischer, Austin. Young, Restless, No Longer Reformed. Eugene, OR: Cascade, 2014.

Fitzmyer, Joseph A. The Anchor Bible: Romans. William F. Albright and David Freedman, eds. New York: Doubleday, 1993.

Fletcher, John. The Works of the Reverend John Fletcher. 4 vols. 1833. Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1974.

Flew, R. Newton. The Idea of Perfection in Christian Theology. London: Oxford, 1934.

Forlines, F. Leroy. Quest for Truth. Nashville: Randall House, 2001.

__________. Romans: The Randall House Bible Commentary. Nashville: Randall House, 1987.

Forster, Roger T. and Paul V. Marston. God’s Strategy in Human History. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale, 1973.

Foster, Randolph S. The Supernatural Book, Vol. 3 of Studies in Theology. New York: Hunt & Eaton, 1889.

__________. Studies in Theology,Vol 6: Sin. New York: Eaton & Mains, 1899.

__________. Objections to Calvinism As It Is. 1859. Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1998.

__________. Christian Purity; or, The Heritage of Faith. 1869. Reprint, Salem, OH: Allegheny, 1984.

Frame, John, Salvation Belongs to the Lord. Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 2006.

__________. The Doctrine of God. Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R, 2002.

Franklin, Samuel. A Critical Review of Christian Perfection. Cincinnati: B. P. Thompson, 1867.

Frazier, J. Russell. True Christianity: The Doctrine of Dispensations in the Thought of John William Fletcher (1729-1785). Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2014.

Fuller, Daniel P. Gospel and Law: Contrast or Continuum? Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980.

Fung, Ronald Y. K. “The Impotence of the Law: Toward a Fresh Understanding of Romans 7:14-25.” Scripture, Tradition, and Interpretation. W. Ward Gasque and William Sanford LaSor, eds. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1978.

Gaebelein, Frank E. ed. The Expositor’s Bible Commentary. 12 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1978-1992.

Gagnon, Robert A. J. The Bible and Homosexual Practice. Nashville: Abingdon, 2001.

Garlington, Don. Faith, Obedience, and Perseverance: Aspects of Paul’s Letter to the Romans. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1994.

Geisler, Norman. Chosen but Free. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1999.

__________. “God Knows All Things,” Predestination and Free Will, David and Randall Basinger, eds. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1986.

Gentry, Peter and Stephen Wellum. Kingdom through Covenant. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2012.

Gerstner, John H. A Primer on Dispensationalism. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1982.

Gifford, E. H. Epistle of St. Paul to the Romans. London: Murray, 1886.

Godbey, William Baxter. Commentary on the New Testament. 7 vols. Cincinnati: Revivalist Office, 1896-1900.

Godet, Frederick. Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. 1883; Rpt. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1956.

Goodwin, John. Redemption Redeemed. John D. Wagner, ed. 1650; Reprint, Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2001.

__________. An Exposition of the Ninth Chapter of the Epistle to the Romans. London: Baynes & Son, 1835.

Gore, Charles. St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans. 2 vols. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1899.

Granbery, John C. “All Things Work for Good.” The Methodist Pulpit South. William T. Smithson, ed. Washington, DC: Henry Polkinhorn, 1858. pp. 291-305.

Greathouse, William M. From the Apostles to Wesley. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1979.

__________. Romans: Beacon Bible Commentary. Vol. 8. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1968.

__________ with George Lyons. New Beacon Bible Commentary. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 2008. Romans 1-8, Vol. 1; Romans 9-16, Vol. 2.

__________ and Paul M. Bassett. Exploring Christian Holiness. Vol. 2. The Historical Development. Kansas City, Beacon Hill, 1985.

Greenlee, J. Harold. Words from the Word: 52 Word Studies from the Original New Testament Greek.Salem, OH: Schmul, 2000.

Gregoryof Nazianzen. In Defense of His Flight to Pontus. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace, eds. Second Series. Vol. 7.

Gregory of Nyssa. Against Eunomius. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace, eds. Second Series. Vol. 5.

Grider, J. Kenneth. A Wesleyan-Holiness Theology. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1994.

__________. Entire Sanctification: The Distinctive Doctrine of Wesleyanism. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1980.

Grudem, Wayne A., ed. Are Miraculous Gifts for Today? Four Views. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996.

__________. The Gift of Prophecy in the New Testament and Today. Westchester, IL: Crossway, 1988; 2001.

__________. Systematic Theology. Nottingham, England: InterVarsity, 1994.

Gundry, Robert H. “The Nonimputation of Christ’s Righteousness.” Justification: What’s at Stake in the Current Debate, Mark Husbands and Daniel J. Treier, eds. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2004.

Gunter, Stephen W. The Limits of “Love Divine.” Nashville: Kingswood, 1989.

Günther, Walther and Hans-Georg Link, “Love.” The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1975. 2:544-545.

Guthrie, Donald. New Testament Introduction. 3rd ed. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1970.

Hagee, John. In Defense of Israel. Lake Mary, FL: FrontLine, 2007.

Haldane, Robert. Exposition of the Epistle to the Romans. 1847. Reprint, London: Banner of Truth, 1958.

Hamline, Leonidas Lent. Works of Rev. Leonidas L. Hamline, D. D. 2 vols. F. G. Hibbard, ed. Cincinnati: Hitchcock & Walden, 1869-1871.

Hardesty, Nancy. Faith Cure: Divine Healing in the Holiness and Pentecostal Movements. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2003.

Harnock, Adolf. What is Christianity? Thomas Bailey Saunders, transl. 1901. Reprint, New York: Harper & Row, 1957.

Harper, A. F. ed. Great Holiness Classics. Vol. 6 Holiness Teaching Today. Kansas City: Beacon Hill, 1987.

Harris, R. Laird, ed. Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament. 2 vols. Chicago: Moody, 1980. [TWOT]

Harrison, A. W. Arminianism. London: Duckworth, 1937.

Harrison, Everett F, ed. Baker’s Dictionary of Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1960.

__________. Romans: The Expositor’s Bible Commentary. Frank E. Gaebelein, ed. Vol. 10. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1976.

Harrison, W. P. The Wesleyan Standards: Sermons by the Rev. John Wesley. 2 vols. Nashville: Smith and Lamar, 1886.

Hauerwas, Stanley and William H. Willimon. Resident Aliens. Nashville: Abingdon, 1989.

Hayes, Joel S. The Foreknowledge of God. Nashville: Methodist Episcopal Church, 1890.

Hellwig, Loren. The Case for Correct Cases. Nicholasville, KY: Schmul, 2007.

Hendriksen, William. Israel and the Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1968.

__________. New Testament Commentary: Romans. Grand Rapids:

Baker, 1981.

Henry, Matthew. Commentary on the Whole Bible. 6 vols. 1706-1721. Reprint, McLean, VA: MacDonald, 1970.

Hibbard, F. G. Commentary on the Old Testament: The Book of Psalms. D. D. Whedon, ed. 1882. Reprint, Salem, OH: Schmul, 1979.

Hills, A. M. Fundamental Christian Theology. 1931. Reprint, two volumes in one. Salem, OH: Schmul, 1980.

Hodge, Charles. Systematic Theology. 3 vols. 1871. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1952.

__________. Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. 1886. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1950.

Hodge, Zane. The Gospel Under Siege. Dallas: Redención Viva, 1988.

Hogue, Wilson T. The Holy Spirit: A Study. 1916. Reprint, Winona Lake, IN: Free Methodist, 1950.

Hoekema, Anthony A. “The Reformed View.” Five Views of Sanctification. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1987.

__________. “Response to Walvoord.” Five Views of Sanctification. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1987

Hofius, Otfried. “Father.” NIDNTT. Colin Brown, ed, 1:614-621.

Hopkins, Samuel. The System of Doctrines. 2 vols. 1793. Reprint, Boston: Thomas & Andrews, 1973.

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__________. “Predestination as Temporal Only.” Wesleyan Theological Journal 22:2 (Fall 1987) 56-64.

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Hansen, Collin. “Not All Evangelicals and Catholics Agree.” Christianity Today 53:11 (Nov 2009) 19-22.

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Reasoner, Vic. “Defining and Defending Justification by Faith.” The Arminian Magazine 25:1 (Spring 2007) 9-10.

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__________. “An Urban Legend About Wesley: “Preach 10% Grace and 90% Law.” The Arminian Magazine 36:2 (Fall 2018) 9.

__________. “Assurance or Presumption? Early Attempts to Reconstruct Methodist Doctrine: 1803-1809.” Wesleyan Theological Journal 44:2 (Fall 2009) 103-119.

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Online Sources

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Unpublished Manuscripts

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Study Bibles

The Reflecting God Study Bible. Wayne McCown, ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2000.

The Reformation Study Bible. R. C. Sproul, ed. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2001. Formerly titled The New Geneva Study Bible (1995).

Scofield, C. I. The New Scofield Reference Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1967.

__________. The Scofield Reference Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1917.

The Wesley Bible. Albert F. Harper, ed. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1990.

Bible Translations

Contemporary English Version. New York: American Bible Society, 1995 [CEV].

English Standard Version. Wheaton, IL: Good News Publishers, 2001 [ESV].

King James Version. translated 1611; revised 1629, 1638, 1762, 1769 [KJV].

New American Standard Bible. La Habra, CA: Lockman Foundation, 1963; 1970 [NASB].

New Century Version. Dallas: Word, 1987, 1991 [NCV].

New English Translation. Biblical Studies Press, 1996-2005 [NET].

New International Version. New York Bible Society International, 1973; 1978 [NIV].

New International Version. Biblica, 2011. [NIV11] 10.92% of the words in Romans have been changed from the 1984 NIV edition, while 89.08% of the words remained unchanged.¹

In the translation comparisons in this commentary, where there is no variation between the two editions, only the abbreviation NIV is used.

New King James Version. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1979; 1982 [NKJV].

New Living Translation. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1996 [NLT].

Phillips, J. B. The New Testament in Modern English. 1958. Rev. Ed. New York: Collier Books, 1972.

Revised Standard Version. Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America, 1946; 1952 [RSV].

The Amplified Bible. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1958; 1965.

The Bible in Today’s English Version. New York: American Bible Society, 1966; 1976 [TEV].

The Jerusalem Bible. Alexander Jones, gen. ed. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1966 [JB].

The New English Bible. London: Oxford and New York: Cambridge University Presses, 1970 [NEB].

The New Revised Standard Version. Nashville: Graded Press, 1990 [NRSV].

1 These comparisons are based on the research of John Dyer,

http://www.biblewebapp.com/niv2011-changes/

Table of Contents
Foreword Video 1
Preface Video 2
Introduction to Romans Video 3
Excursus 1: The Romans Road Video 4
ROMANS 1
Introduction 1:1-17
A. Greetings 1:1-7
1. Paul introduces himself 1:1
a. Paul was a servant 1:1
b. Paul was an apostle 1:1
c. Paul was separated 1:1

2. A preview of Romans: an introductory statement of the gospel 1:2-6 Video 5
   a. The gospel was promised 1:2
   b. The gospel concerns the person of Jesus Christ 1:3-4
   c. Paul was called to preach the gospel 1:5-6
3. The salutation 1:7 Video 6
   4. The benediction 1:7
      B. Paul’s burden for Rome 1:8-15
   5. Paul’s gratitude for the influence of the Roman church 1:8
   6. Paul’s prayer that he might visit Rome 1:9-13
      a. To impart a spiritual gift 1:11
      b. To share encouragement 1:12
      c. To harvest fruit 1:13
   7. Paul’s motivation to preach in Rome 1:14-15
      C. The theme of the letter 1:16-17 Video 7
   8. Paul’s confidence in the gospel 1:16
   9. It is God’s saving power 1:16
   10. It is for all who believe 1:17
   11. It reveals God’s righteousness 1:17
       I. The condemnation of the world 1:18-3:20 Video 8
       A. The reason for God’s wrath 1:18-32
   12. Truth is suppressed 1:18-20
4. God is rejected 1:21-23 Video 9
   3. Nature is perverted 1:24-27
5. Men are full of unrighteousness 1:28-32 Video 10 Excursus 2: Homosexuality and Propaganda ROMANS 2 Video 11 B. The judgment of God 2:1-16
   1. God’s judgment is based on truth 2:2-4
      a. The truth about our hypocrisy 2:3
      b. The truth about God’s grace 2:4, 14
6. God’s judgment is based on works 2:5-10 Video 12 a. Those who persevere find life 2:7,10,13 b. Those who persist in evil face judgment 2:8-9
   3. God’s judgment is impartial 2:11-16
      a. Those who have received revelation will be judged by it 2:12-13
      b. Those without revelation still have conscience 2:12, 14-15
7. God’s judgment is coming 2:5, Video 13 C. The condemnation of the Jews 2:17-29
   1. You claim to be God’s chosen people but you are not 2:28-29
   2. You rest on your possession of the law, but you do not keep it 2:18-24
   3. You are proud of your relationship with God, but ritual is not enough 2:25-27
      Excursus 3: Free Will or Free Grace? Video 14
      Excursus 4: What Does Perish Mean?
      Excursus 5: The Plight of Those Who Never Heard
      ROMANS 3 Video 15
      D. The advantage and condemnation of the Jews 3:1-8
   4. Those who have the written Word have a greater advantage 3:1-2
   5. Those who have the written Word, but do not obey it face greater condemnation 3:3-8
      a. Don’t accuse God of breaking his covenant 3:3-4
      b. Don’t allege that sin demonstrates God’s grace 3:5-8
      E. Paul’s conclusion: we are all sinners 3:9-20 Video 16
   6. The law supports Paul’s conclusion 3:10-18
   7. The law condemns the whole world 3:19-20
      II. The salvation God provided for the world 3:21-8:39 Video 17
      A. Justification must be by faith 3:21-31
   8. Justification comes from God 3:21, 25-26
   9. Justification does not come by the law 3:21, 27-31
8. Justification comes by faith in Jesus Christ 3:22, 24 Video 18
   4. Justification by faith is affirmed by the Old Testament 3:21
      Excursus 6: The Nature of the Atonement Video 19
      ROMANS 4 Video 20
      B. Justification by faith illustrated from the life of Abraham 4:1-25
   5. Faith, not works, is imputed as righteousness 4:1-8
   6. Faith, not circumcision, makes Abraham our father 4:9-12
   7. Faith, not the law, receives the promise 4:13-16
   8. Therefore, God will also impute righteousness for our faith 4:17-25
      Excursus 7: Imputed and Imparted Righteousness Video 21
      Excursus 8: The Nature of Saving Faith Video 22
      Excursus 9: The New Perspective on Paul 236
      ROMANS 5 Video 23
      C. The consequences of justification by faith 5:1-11
   9. We have peace 5:1
   10. We have access 5:2
   11. We have hope 5:2-4
   12. We have the Holy Spirit 5:5
   13. We have the demonstration of God’s love 5:6-8
9. We have been reconciled 5:8-11 Video 24 D. Justification by faith illustrated as the reversal of Adam’s curse 5:12-21
   1. The headship of Adam 5:12-14
   2. The headship of Christ 5:15-17
   3. The contrast between the two men 5:18-21
      Excursus 10: Do We Have Unconditional Security? Video 25
      Excursus 11: The Salvation of Infants
      ROMANS 6 Video 26
      E. Grace and sin 6:1-14
   4. We died to sin 6:1-2
   5. We have been buried 6:3-4
   6. We have been crucified 6:5-7
   7. We have been resurrected 6:8-10
10. Therefore, we die to sin 6:11-14 Video 27 F. Grace and law 6:15-7:6
    1. We have been set free from sin 6:15-18
    2. We have become slaves to God 6:19-23
       ROMANS 7 Video 28
    3. We have died to the law 7:1-6
       G. The condemnation of the law illustrated from Paul’s pre-Christian experience 7:7- 25
    4. The law was not the problem 7:7-13
    5. Sin caused Paul to break the law 7:14-25
       Excursus 12: Who Is Paul Describing? Video 29
       1 The Paristic Answer
    6. The Calvinistic Answer
    7. The Keswick/Dispensational Answer
    8. The Wesleyan-Arminian Answer
       Excursus 12: Who Is Paul Describing? Video 30
    9. The Holiness Answer
    10. Recent Developments
        Excursus 13: The Meaning of Sarx
        ROMANS 8-16
        SECOND EDITION
        VOLUME 2
        Vic Reasoner
        Foreword to Second Edition Video 31
        ROMANS 8
        H. The victory of saving grace 8:1-39
    11. The law and the Spirit 8:1-4
11. Life according to the Spirit 8:5-13 Video 32
12. The witness of the Spirit 8:14-17 Video 33
13. The Christian’s hope 8:18-26 Video 34
    5. The Christian’s help 8:26-27
14. The plan of God 8:28-30 Video 35
    a. God foreknew who would believe 8:29
    b. God predestined those he foreknew would believe 8:29
    c. God called; those who answered became “the called” 8:30
    d. God justified those who obeyed his call 8:30
    e. God glorified those who continued in his justifying grace 8:30
15. The Christian’s security 8:31-39 Video 36 Excursus 14: Defining Foreknowledge Video 37 ROMANS 9 Video 38 III. The integration of the Jews into God’s plan of salvation 9:1-11:36 Video 39 A. Israel’s election was conditional 9:1-33
    1. Paul’s burden for Israel 9:1-3
    2. Israel’s privilege and presumption 9:4-5
16. Israel’s rejection as the people of God 9:6-29 Video 40 a. First example: Isaac and Ishmael 9:7-9 b. Second example: Jacob and Esau 9:10-13 c. First objection: is God unjust? 9:14-16 d. Third example: Pharaoh 9:17-18 Video 41 e. Second objection: if God is sovereign, how can we be blamed? 9:19 f. Fourth example: The potter and the clay 9:20-24 g. First citation: Hosea 9:25-26 h. Second citation: Isaiah 9:27-29
    4. Election is based upon faith 9:30-33
       Excursus 15: The Chronology of Pharaoh’s Spiritual Sclerosis Video 42
       ROMANS 10 181
       B. Justification by faith illustrated by Israel’s failure to respond to the gospel 10:1-21
    5. Paul’s burden for Israel 10:1-4
    6. The way of salvation 10:5-13
    7. The obedience of faith 10:14-21

Excursus 16: Evangelism and Sovereignty Video 43
ROMANS 11. C. Israel’s future hope 11:1-36
1. The remnant who believe 11:1-10

2. The conditional election of Jews and gentiles 11:11-24 Video 44
   a. The illustration of the dough 11:16
   b. The illustration of the root 11:16
   c. The illustration of the olive tree 11:17-21
3. The hope of the gospel 11:25-32 Video 45
   4. Paul’s doxology 11:33-36
      ROMANS 12 255 Video 46
      IV. The sanctification of God’s people 12:1-15:13
      A. Personal holiness 12:1-21
   5. Transforming grace 12:1-2
   6. Gifts of service 12:3-8
   7. Love toward God’s people 12:9-13
   8. Love toward the world 12:14-21
      ROMANS 13 284 Video 47
      B. Social holiness 13:1-15:13
   9. The obligation to government 13:1-7
   10. The obligation to love one another 13:8-14
       ROMANS 14 306 Video 48
   11. The ethic of freedom 14:1-13
   12. The ethic of consideration 14:14-23
       ROMANS 15 327 Video 49
   13. The example of Christ 15:1-13
       Conclusion 15:14-16:27
       A. Paul’s personal ministry 15:14-33
       ROMANS 16 343 Video 50
       B. Paul’s personal greetings 16:1-27
   14. Greetings from Paul 16:1-16
   15. Final warning 16:17-20
   16. Greetings conveyed 16:21-23
   17. Benediction 16:24-27
       Works Cited