Down to Earth But Heavenly Minded

What does Proverbs Chapter 24 mean?

This continues Solomon’s record of thirty wise sayings (Proverbs 22:17–21). It’s important for godly people to avoid jealousy towards sinful people. True success is found in wisdom (Proverbs 1:7), leading to strength and a good reputation. Also crucial is acting on behalf of the disadvantaged. A person cannot fool God by pretending not to know about the plight of others (Proverbs 24:1–12).

All things God gives have a good and valuable purpose (1 Timothy 4:4). It’s appropriate to enjoy those things and seek them out in the right way. In the same sense, we ought to recognize the pleasure and value of godly wisdom. What’s not appropriate is to seek to harm others by taking advantage of them. Neither is it godly to feel glee when an enemy suffers. To appreciate God’s justice is one thing; being giddy when anyone else is in pain is sinful. In general, believers should seek God’s will rather than being overly worried about the schemes of evil people. Respecting authority—both moral and legal—helps a person avoid the natural consequences of disobedience (Proverbs 24:13–22).

The next passage begins more wise statements. At least some of these seem to come directly from Solomon, but their sources are not as clear as in other chapters. Solomon again stresses the importance of fair judgment, both in the official sense, and in the lives of common persons. He also warns against cutting others down—even when the criticism is true—unless one has a good reason to do so. Revenge, especially, is to be avoided. The chapter ends with an extensive example of the consequences of laziness. Solomon passes a field which shows obvious signs of neglect. He uses this as an opportunity to learn, himself, and apply what he sees to his own wisdom (Proverbs 24:23–34).

Chapter Context
This chapter continues thirty sayings of wise people (Proverbs 22:17–21), as collected and endorsed by Solomon. The remainder of the passage are additional wise statements, which are not as clearly attributed. Some of the lessons are framed as warnings, followed by reasons. The lessons contained here are more detailed than most of the proverbs in this book.

Verse by Verse

Verse 1. Be not envious of evil men,nor desire to be with them,

This advice echoes other statements in the book of Proverbs which warn against associating with immoral people. Jealousy over their success is short-sighted (Proverbs 23:17–18). Close friendships or other relationships with them brings risk and temptation (Proverbs 1:10–15; 13:20). Sin is enticing. Yet a wise person (Proverbs 1:7) knows that God’s goodness is far more valuable than temporary earthly wealth. They also remember that the company we keep influences our morals (1 Corinthians 15:33).

Whatever wealth or possessions people gain by evil means cannot last. They are always subject to sudden loss. Jesus said, “Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and thieves break in and steal” (Matthew 6:19). He also spoke about eternal treasure. He said, “But lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroy and where thieves do not break in and steal” (Matthew 6:20). The poorest believer is richer than the wealthiest unbeliever on earth. So why should he envy?

The nineteenth of Solomon’s thirty wise sayings begins here and is completed in the following verse (Proverbs 24:2).

Context Summary
Proverbs 24:1–12 exhorts Solomon’s son, or student, not to be jealous of immoral people or desire their friendship. Solomon contrasts godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7) with foolishness and calls upon his son to rescue those who are unjustly oppressed. Failing to do so, under the all-seeing eyes of the Lord, cannot be excused. This continues a series of wise sayings endorsed by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21).

Verse 2. for their hearts devise violence,and their lips talk of trouble.

The nineteenth of Solomon’s thirty wise sayings (Proverbs 22:17–21) is completed here. The prior verse delivered another warning against close association with wicked people (Proverbs 24:1). This is a theme often echoed in the book of Proverbs (Proverbs 1:10–15; 13:20). In an equivalent way, it’s not good to be jealous of what people attain through evil means (Proverbs 23:17–18). Any such benefits are shallow, temporary, and self-defeating (Proverbs 11:4, 7; 21:12). Those who ignore godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7) invent evil plans. They discuss those plots with others; eventually, they act on those impulses. That brings consequences and ultimately ruin (Proverbs 6:12–15; 16:27).

The Bible also notes that all people grapple with their sin nature. Jeremiah 17:9 describes the heart as “deceitful above all things, and desperately sick.” Paul notes that to avoid every speck of contact with sin would require believers to leave the world (1 Corinthians 5:9–10). Yet some people aggressively embrace their sin. Genesis 6:5 discloses that the hearts of human beings who lived before the flood were full of evil continually. Consequently, God, who knows the heart, destroyed that civilization with a flood.

Only Jesus, the Great Physician, can transform the heart into one acceptable to God: one that loves Him and obeys Him. The apostle Paul points to the change of heart that believers experience. He writes in Romans 6:17–18: “But thanks be to God, that you who were once slaves of sin have become obedient from the heart to the standard of teaching to which you were committed, and, having been set free from sin, have become slaves of righteousness.”

Verse 3. By wisdom a house is built,and by understanding it is established;

The lesson of this proverb applies well beyond literal buildings. Any effort benefits from the application of wisdom. Businesses do well to use common sense and ethical practices. A wise parent builds a strong family by teaching the children to fear the Lord and to walk in His ways. While godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7) does not magically guarantee success, it gives the wise person a much better chance at happiness. Evil, sin, and foolishness most often lead to ruin (Proverbs 8:32–36). An earlier proverb pointed to God’s own creation as evidence of the benefit of wisdom (Proverbs 3:19). His masterful application of truth is on display in nature (Psalm 19:1); a person who wields a wise, godly approach sets themselves up for success.

Like the sensible man who built his house on a solid foundation (Matthew 7:24–25), a wise person undertakes an enterprise and launches it successfully. Solomon wisely built the temple in Jerusalem that his father David was not allowed to build. Therefore, Solomon is a prime example of building a structure by wisdom. Habakkuk 2:9–12 pronounces woe on the person who builds a house or town for selfish gain and commits violence to do so. The Lord will judge that person and his work.

Psalm 127:1 affirms that the “contrapositive” of this proverb is also true. Contrapositives are statements where both the inputs and outputs are reversed while the statement remains true. Good wisdom builds a house; an effort undertaken without trust in the Lord is doomed to eventually fail: “Unless the Lord builds the house, those who build it labor in vain.”

Verse 4. by knowledge the rooms are filledwith all precious and pleasant riches.

Evil people want to destroy lives (Proverbs 24:1), as their plans often involve taking advantage of others. Immorality leads to ruin in eternity (Proverbs 10:29; 18:7) and often brings harsh consequences in this life (Proverbs 8:32–36). In contrast, those who seek knowledge (Proverbs 1:7; 2:1–6) build others up; they gain valuable understanding (Proverbs 8:10; 23:23) which helps them succeed. Earlier sections of this book depicted foolishness as leading to the ruin of a house (Proverbs 2:16–19; 14:1, 11). Here, one’s house—a literal home or any other effort—is enhanced by the application of wisdom.

It is not out of the question to parallel the “precious and pleasant riches” of this verse with the beautiful, valuable characteristics mentioned in Galatians 5:22–23 and in 2 Peter 1:5–7. It is wise to be controlled by the Holy Spirit, because He furnishes our lives with the fruit mentioned in Galatians 5:22–23: “love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control.” The apostle Peter exhorts believers to add to their faith by furnishing their lives with the following valuable qualities: virtue, knowledge, self-control, steadfastness, godliness, brotherly affection, and love (2 Peter 1:5–7). Such things are worthwhile in and of themselves; they also bring great benefits to those who apply them.

Verse 5. A wise man is full of strength,and a man of knowledge enhances his might,

Wisdom and knowledge make a man powerful. The following verse applies this same idea to war (Proverbs 24:6), yet the principle is valid in anything. A common expression in English is the advice to “work smarter, not harder.” In part, this means a person can accomplish much more through wisdom and careful thinking, as compared to just brute force or effort. A person well-established in truth and wisdom (Proverbs 2:1–13) is better equipped to make decisions (Proverbs 3:21–23). Likewise, the one who pools the wisdom of many people is more likely to find a workable solution to their problem (Proverbs 15:22).

The apostle Paul understood this fact. In his letter to the Colossian believers he writes: “And so, from the day we heard, we have not ceased to pray for you, asking that you may be filled with the knowledge of his will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding, so as to walk in a manner worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing to him: bearing fruit in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God; being strengthened with all power, according to his glorious might” (Colossians 1:9–11). The truly wise person does not rely on his own strength to gain victory over temptation and to triumph over trials. He trusts the Lord for strength. The psalmist asks, “From where does my help come?” (Psalm 121:1). He answers, “My help comes from the LORD, who made heaven and earth” (Psalm 121: 2).

Verse 6. for by wise guidance you can wage your war,and in abundance of counselors there is victory.

Self-confidence and self-reliance should never mean ignoring the wisdom of other people (Proverbs 12:15). This teaching began in the prior verse (Proverbs 24:5) by noting that wisdom makes a person powerful (Proverbs 21:22). A wise person seeks the advice of many qualified counselors before he enters a battle. This practice is not a magical formula to guarantee success, yet it drastically improves one’s chances of victory. Other proverbs noted the immense value of seeking advice and wisdom before engaging in one’s efforts (Proverbs 11:14; 15:22).

The Christian life is full of battles as spiritual warfare rages. We learn from Ephesians 6:12 that “we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the cosmic powers over this present darkness, against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places.” First Peter 5:8 tells us to “be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.” Fortunately, no Christian is alone in this warfare. Christ, the “Wonderful Counselor” (Isaiah 9:6) is always with each believer, and the Holy Spirit, “another Helper,” is alongside (John 14:16). Furthermore, the Lord has placed in the church teaching pastors to help build us up in the faith (Ephesians 4:11–12). He has also given His Word as a sword to use in battling the devil (Ephesians 6:17). With all this available counsel victory is certain.

Verse 7. Wisdom is too high for a fool;in the gate he does not open his mouth.

Solomon notes that wisdom is “too high” for the fool. This is much like the English figure of speech used when someone misses a point or fails to grasp a deeper truth: “it went over their head.” In the case of the fool, this is thanks to their own choices and ungodly attitude.

Very few Scriptures use the term “fool” with reference to a person’s intellect. That is to say that being “foolish” is quite different from being “dim-witted” or “slow.” Instead, foolishness is primarily a matter of attitude: the “fool” is one who ignores godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7) in favor of their own preferences (Proverbs 13:1, 16; 18:2). Arrogance and stubbornness are more prevalent in the fool than a simple lack of intelligence. Those persons labelled “unreachable” due to egoism, bias, or sin cannot attain true wisdom, which requires humility (Proverbs 12:15; 14:12).

In the ancient world, business and legal matters were often conducted at the city’s gate. The fool—in this case, the person who misses meaningful wisdom thanks to arrogance—has nothing to contribute to the discussion. At best, he remains silent. At worst, of course, the fool might speak anyway and fully reveal his condition (Proverbs 10:19; 17:28; 29:20).

The word “fool” in this verse identifies someone who is arrogant and stubborn. He is unteachable because he thinks he knows it all. A fool refuses to humble himself and admit that God exists. Psalm 14:1 says, “the fool says in his heart, ‘There is no God.’ They are corrupt, they do abominable deeds; there is none who does good.” Jesus identified a rich farmer as a fool because he thought his bumper crop provided security for the future. He told his soul, “You have ample goods laid up for many years; relax, eat, drink, be merry” (Luke 12:19). The next verse informs us, “But God said to him, ‘Fool! This night your soul is required of you, and the things you have prepared, whose will they be?” Jesus concluded, “So is the one who lays up treasure for himself and is not rich toward God” (verse 21).

Verse 8. Whoever plans to do evilwill be called a schemer.

This lesson uses the Hebrew phrase ba’al mezimmot’ to refer to a “schemer.” This literally means something like “master of plots” or “owner of evil plans” or “deviser of wickedness.” A word derived from the same root word is used in the following verse to explicitly call such things a sin (Proverbs 24:9). Similar terms are used in other proverbs (Proverbs 12:2; 14:17). This is not only a reference to sin, but also a note about reputation. Eventually, liars and schemers are found out. They become known as unreliable and crooked; others openly call them by such terms.

The book of Romans points out those who ignore God’s revelation in human experience (Romans 1:18–20). They are labelled “inventors of evil” (Romans 1:30) as well as “foolish, faithless, heartless, ruthless” (Romans 1:31). Scripture often warns about such persons (Proverbs 6:14; 14:22).

Haman the Agagite is often mentioned as an example of the fate of “schemers.” Esther 8:3 indicts him with the evil of devising a plot against the Jews. He conspired to destroy all the Jews in Persia (Esther 8:5). However, God protected the Jews and overturned Haman’s wicked plot. Eventually, the king “gave orders in writing that [Haman’s] evil plan that he had devised against the Jews should return on his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows” (Esther 9:25).

Verse 9. The devising of folly is sin,and the scoffer is an abomination to mankind.

The Hebrew word zimmat’ here refers to “devising:” when someone invents or plots. In this context, it means those who scheme about evil (Proverbs 24:8). “Folly” is often mentioned in the book of Proverbs as a state of rejecting or ignoring God’s wisdom (Proverbs 5:23; 19:3; 27:22) and is what defines the “fool.” The prior verse pointed out that those who produce evil plots suffer a negative reputation: others will openly call them “schemers” (Proverbs 24:8). The statement in this verse completes the thought. Planning immorality, plotting to do evil, inventing ways to sin, or imagining wicked actions are all sins in and of themselves. This wisdom foreshadows Jesus’ teaching that sin begins in the heart and mind (Matthew 5:21–22). Even if no actions are taken, the schemes and fantasies are already offensive to God (Matthew 5:27–28). Some believe thoughts are not sinful unless they are acted on, but Scripture disagrees.

Similarly, “scoffers” are those who mock or laugh—they “sneer” at wisdom instead of accepting it (Proverbs 1:22; 9:12; 14:6; 19:28). “Abomination” comes from a term meaning something “disgusting” or “repulsive” (Proverbs 6:16; 15:9; 21:27). Not only are those who plan evil offensive to God, but other men also detest them. The prior verse also mentioned this idea, noting that evil schemers will be labeled and condemned by others (Proverbs 24:8). Jude 1:18–19 predicts that this attitude will become common as the world continues to drift away from God.

Verse 10. If you faint in the day of adversity,your strength is small.

This is the twenty-fourth of thirty wise sayings endorsed by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21). Most of the thirty are longer than the typically short statements in the book of Proverbs. This teaching is brief, though the Hebrew wordplay is lost in translation. The term for “adversity” is sārāh’, while the term for “small” is sar’. The word translated “faint” can also mean to “let go,” “weaken,” or “fail.” Stating that someone who “fails” in times of trouble is weak is not meant as an insult, but as a blunt warning. Difficulty is a given during earthly life (Psalm 20:1; 86:7; Ecclesiastes 8:6; John 16:33). A person should prepare to face it, starting with godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7; 24:5).

Everyone, including believers, encounters adversity. Adversity is a normal part of life. For the Christian, adversity can be a good thing. James writes, “Count it all joy, my brothers, when you meet trials of various kinds” (James 1:2). His words were addressed to Hebrew Christians who were experiencing intense persecution. But why should adversity cause Christians to rejoice? James also gives the answer: “for you know that the testing of your faith produces steadfastness” (James 1:3). Further, steadfastness can make believers spiritually mature and “complete, lacking nothing” (James 1:4). The apostle Peter also wrote to persecuted Hebrew Christians about the value of adversity. He said trials prove the genuineness of one’s faith (1 Peter 1:3–9). Believers under pressure of adversity are encouraged to steel themselves and trust in Christ’s power (Hebrews 12:12–13), rather than fall.

Verse 11. Rescue those who are being taken away to death;hold back those who are stumbling to the slaughter.

Verses 11 and 12 make up the twenty-fifth of Solomon’s thirty recorded wise teachings (Proverbs 22:17–21). Both verses are important to grasp the context of this lesson. The following verse (Proverbs 24:12) helps clarify that this is not about interfering in every instance of the death penalty. These are not convicted, guilty criminals being executed in a lawful setting; they are the innocent being persecuted and murdered. When a believer sees cruelty, injustice, or atrocity, they are obligated to act in some way. The underlying theme of this wise saying resembles Ezekiel 3:18, James 4:17, and 1 John 3:17–18. Another useful expression is found in the “golden rule” of Matthew 7:12. These all imply an active responsibility to do good, rather than a passive avoidance of evil.

It might be tempting to avoid controversy; being enmeshed by speaking and acting can invite trouble. Yet the victims of injustice desperately need help, so Solomon counsels his reader to get involved. That can mean speaking on behalf of the falsely accused. It might mean intervening in an unfair or abusive situation. By doing so one can save a wrongly condemned person from harm or even death.

An indirect application of this concept touches on evangelism. Christians ought to seek out “rescue” for those guilty and under the sentence of spiritual and eternal death (Romans 3:23; 6:23; Jude 1:21–23). Proverbs 11:30 teaches that “whoever captures souls is wise.” Every unbeliever is in Satan’s clutches and bound for eternal punishment (John 3:36). Every believer who rescues an unbeliever and introduces him to the Savior applies godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7; James 5:20).

Verse 12. If you say, “Behold, we did not know this,”does not he who weighs the heart perceive it?Does not he who keeps watch over your soul know it,and will he not repay man according to his work?

The prior verse called on godly people to intervene when innocents are being killed or persecuted (Proverbs 24:11). This has physical, earthly application in cases of injustice and abuse. It also applies to the idea of evangelism, where Christ-followers seek to “rescue” others from condemnation in eternity (John 3:36; James 5:20).

Here, we are reminded that no one can fool God; claiming “I did not know” is futile in matters of good and evil. Other Scriptures provide reminders of God’s perfect knowledge (Hebrews 4:12–13) and our lack of excuse (Romans 1:18–20). Taken in context with the prior verse, the scenario is someone who perceives injustice or atrocity, yet tries to plead ignorance. Excuses might work with other people, but God knows the true motives of the heart. He knows the difference between discretion (Proverbs 2:11; 3:21; 14:16) or strategy (Proverbs 20:18) as opposed to indifference or cowardice (Romans 1:28–32; Proverbs 21:13).

As with the first half of this lesson, this verse has application to evangelism. The ministry of rescuing lost souls is pressing; believers cannot pretend to be ignorant of spiritual needs in a fallen world. After presenting Himself to a Samaritan woman, Jesus emphasized this urgency. After the disciples returned to Jesus from a shopping trip to find food, Jesus told them to look and see a waiting harvest (John 4:35). Likely, the “fields” Jesus referred to were the people of Samaria coming to meet Him (John 4:28–30).

There are many excuses for not rescuing the perishing, but not a single good reason to leave the suffering to their fate. The apostle Paul endured many harsh trials to reach the lost. He said, “Therefore, knowing the fear of the Lord, we persuade others” (2 Corinthians 5:11).

Verse 13. My son, eat honey, for it is good,and the drippings of the honeycomb are sweet to your taste.

Contrary to what some think, the Bible does not condemn pleasure and enjoyment of earthly things (1 Timothy 4:4). Excess, addiction, greed, and distraction are spiritual errors. Appreciating what God has provided in this life is not a sin. This verse and the one which follows (Proverbs 24:14) combine to link appreciation of something physical with the need to appreciate something spiritual. Honey, itself, is a “good thing.” It is appropriate to take pleasure in properly experiencing something the way God intended. The following verse connects this value and appreciation to wisdom: a person ought to value godly truth (Proverbs 1:7) with at least as much pleasure as they do delicious foods (Psalm 19:9–11).

Canaan, the “Promised Land,” is depicted as a land flowing with good things such as honey (Exodus 3:8, 17). Honey was among the sweetest substances known to man in the Middle East during Old Testament times (Genesis 43:11; 1 Samuel 14:27) and made an excellent substitute for sugar. People often ate it directly from the honeycomb. Occasionally, honey was presented as a gift (Genesis 43:11; 1 Kings 14:3). It was a staple in John the Baptist’s diet (Matthew 3:4). Exodus 16:31 compares the taste of manna to that of wafers made with honey—enhancing the biblical connection between godliness, manna, truth, and the ministry of Jesus Christ (Psalm 119:103–104; John 6:32–35; 14:6; 20:31).

Context Summary
Proverbs 24:13–22 gives practical advice to Solomon’s son, or student. This passage includes the last five of thirty wise teachings endorsed by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21). Godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7) is something to be savored and enjoyed. A wise person is not violent nor predatory; he does not gloat over a defeated enemy. The reader is again reminded not to be jealous or fearful of evil people, as they are subject to God’s judgment.

Verse 14. Know that wisdom is such to your soul;if you find it, there will be a future,and your hope will not be cut off.

The prior verse (Proverbs 24:13) referred to something pleasurable and valuable: honey. It is appropriate to enjoy what God provided (1 Timothy 4:4) when those things are used as He intended. This portion of the wise saying applies this sense of approval to the concept of wisdom (Proverbs 1:7; Psalm 19:9–11). As honey provides pleasure and nourishment to the body, wisdom is uplifting and life-giving to the soul.

Scripture, especially the book of Proverbs, connects godly wisdom with concepts such as life and security (Proverbs 10:7; 12:28; 14:27). These are not guarantees of invincibility. The same books of Scripture also note that godly people can suffer tragedy and hardship (Psalm 18:6; 132:1; Proverbs 24:16). Rather, the Bible teaches that those who follow God’s will and avoid sin can avoid negative natural consequences. They also move closer to God and avoid eternal death (Proverbs 8:32–36; 11:4). Whatever brings a person closer to truth (John 14:6) brings them closer to God.

John 3:36 promises, “Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life.” Believers are guaranteed a place in heaven because they belong to the One who conquered death and is seated now at the Father’s right hand. Jesus, who is the Truth, promised, “In my Father’s house are many rooms… And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also” (John 14:2–3). Further, the believer’s hope of seeing Jesus and being with Him in heaven is not groundless. It is secure. Hebrews 6:19 describes the believer’s hope as “a sure and steadfast anchor of the soul, a hope that enters into the inner place behind the curtain.”

Verse 15. Lie not in wait as a wicked man against the dwelling of the righteous;do no violence to his home;

This verse sounds a warning about aggression against the righteous. To do so is a sign of depravity—imitating the life of “a wicked man”—and such things can bring eternal consequences (Proverbs 24:16). Solomon creates the image of an ambush prepared outside the home of a godly person. Enemies look for an opportunity to destroy; the context of this lesson suggests the good man is weakened by illness or distress.

The Devil schemes against the righteous today as he has in the past. He waits for an opportunity to take advantage of our weakness. Like a predator, he hunts for someone vulnerable to his attacks (1 Peter 5:8). He assaulted Jesus in the desert when Jesus was physically weak after forty days of fasting (Matthew 4:1–3). But Jesus withstood the Devil’s temptations. The Devil tripped up Peter when Peter’s confidence was in himself instead of in the Lord. Jesus said Satan would sift Peter like wheat, and that is what he did, when Peter denied Jesus three times in the presence of a servant girl and others (Luke 22:31, 54–62).

Verse 16. for the righteous falls seven times and rises again,but the wicked stumble in times of calamity.

Here, Solomon expresses confidence that godly people can recover from setbacks. Those who do evil fall when struck by adversity. In an earthly sense, this is generally true yet not an absolute guarantee (Psalm 73:2–3). In an eternal sense, however, this principle is universal. Those who reject God are inescapably doomed when this life is over (Proverbs 11:4; 16:4). Honoring God and His will leads to wisdom (Proverbs 8:12–14; 14:32) which draws a person towards salvation (Proverbs 1:7; 15:24; 23:23James 1:5; John 14:6). The person claiming Christ’s righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:21) can be forgiven of any moral stumbles (1 John 1:9; Matthew 12:31; John 3:16–18; Jude 1:24–25).

The book of Daniel includes two dramatic, miraculous examples of this idea. Evil did not prevail when Daniel’s three friends were tossed into a fiery furnace for refusing to bow down to a colossal idol (Daniel 3). God protected them so well that there was not a trace of smoke on them. Evil did not prevail against Daniel when he was thrown into a den of hungry lions because he prayed to the Lord instead of to the king (Daniel 6). King Darius commanded that Daniel’s accusers be thrown to the lions, and he acknowledged that Daniel’s God was the living, eternal, and almighty God. The book of Esther, also, describes God’s people rebounding from trouble while their enemies fall.

Verse 17. Do not rejoice when your enemy falls,and let not your heart be glad when he stumbles,

This echoes the lesson of an earlier proverb (Proverbs 17:5). Human beings are so prone to celebrate when others suffer that psychology has a specific label for that urge: schadenfreude. The prior statement condemned those who sneered and gloated over the poor, as well as those who celebrated when someone else suffered tragedy. The New Testament commands that believers are to forgive (Matthew 18:21–22), indicating those who refuse to forgive don’t understand their own need for forgiveness (Matthew 6:14–15; 18:23–35). The same basic attitude is reflected in how one responds to the suffering of enemies. Even God avoids expressing glee over the ruin of evil people (Ezekiel 33:11).

We are commanded not to “rejoice” or “gloat” or “smirk” when an enemy suffers or falls. This does not prohibit praising God for bringing judgment (Psalm 7:6). Nor does it mean we should not recognize when someone suffers well-deserved consequences (Psalm 37:20; Proverbs 12:28). What is forbidden is a superior, sneering attitude which presumes they deserve to fall, while we do not (Romans 3:23). Humility expressed through love towards one’s enemies is not a natural impulse. It is among the most challenging aspects of Christianity.

Our sin nature is what tempts us to find pleasure in the damage wicked people bring on themselves; Scripture says any such impulses are evil, themselves. That is true regarding earthly suffering, so it should be even more obvious when considering someone’s eternal fate. We should never wish for someone to be damned—to want that person to suffer an eternity apart from God. Instead, we should weep over them and try to “snatch them out of the fire… hating even the garment stained by the flesh” (Jude 1:23). Though He knew Jerusalem would reject Him as Messiah, Jesus showed compassion, not vindictiveness. Matthew 23:37–39 records His lament over that city. He exclaimed: “O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the city that kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to it! How often would I have gathered your children together as a hen gathers her brood under her wings, and you were not willing!” (Matthew 23:37).

Verse 18. lest the Lord see it and be displeased,and turn away his anger from him.

Appreciating God’s justice is different from being gleeful when other people feel pain (Proverbs 17:5; 24:17). The prior verse notes that it is a sin to gloat—to celebrate or find pleasure in—the suffering of one’s enemy. Here, that idea is emphasized by suggesting that God might lessen His harshness against an enemy in response to a sneering, sinful happiness over their fate. The idea is not that God will forget someone else’s sins. Rather, it reiterates the idea that taking pleasure in a “wicked” person’s suffering is, itself, wickedness. If both sides are wicked, why expect God to actively favor one over the other?

Instead of gloating over an enemy’s trouble, believers ought to show compassion and try to lead them to repentance and faith. The wicked are like any other non-believer. Scripture compares them to lost sheep. Like the Good Shepherd, believers should endeavor to find those who are lost (Matthew 28:19–20; Luke 19:10) and bring them to God (Luke 15:4–7). Ezekiel 18:21–22 quotes the Lord as saying, “But if a wicked person turns away from all his sins that he has committed and keeps all my statutes and does what is just and right, he shall surely live; he shall not die. None of the transgressions that he has committed shall be remembered against him; for the righteousness that he has done he shall live.” The following verse explains that the Lord doesn’t enjoy it when people suffer, even for their own sins; He would rather they repent and be saved (Ezekiel 18:23).

Verse 19. Fret not yourself because of evildoers,and be not envious of the wicked,

Believers cannot avoid being the objects of trouble at the hands of unscrupulous people (John 16:33). Following godly wisdom makes a person less susceptible to certain dangers (Proverbs 1:7; 8:33–36); it does not make one immune to all hardship. An earlier proverb noted that godly people should not be jealous of those who are sinful (Proverbs 24:1–2). It’s more difficult to avoid anxiety in general than it to set aside jealousy. Still, those who honor God shouldn’t become anxious or stressed because of evil people. The following verse offers a contrast explaining why: God will judge all things and snuff out those who reject Him (Proverbs 24:20).

The Lord cares for His people and holds them in His powerful hands (John 10:27–29; 1 Peter 5:7). Further, nothing can separate believers from God’s love (Romans 8:38–39). As the psalmist Asaph discovered (Psalm 73:2–3), God will bring the wicked to a day of reckoning (Psalm 73:16–20); yet He will be with the righteous forever, protecting them, and guiding them through life and all the way to heaven (Psalm 73:22–26). The wicked may prosper for a brief time, but believers have a relationship with the Lord, a bright hope, and an eternal inheritance in heaven (1 Peter 1:3–4). It is no wonder Peter commanded: “Put away…envy” (1 Peter 2:1).

Verse 20. for the evil man has no future;the lamp of the wicked will be put out.

Scripture does not flinch when discussing the reality of sin and evil: some evildoers gain earthly benefits from their sin. That can be frustrating to those who honor God (Proverbs 24:1–2; Psalm 73:2–3). Yet Scripture is also clear that such persons risk drastic, immediate consequences (Proverbs 8:33–36). More importantly, they temporarily gain what they cannot keep, in exchange for their eternal souls (Proverbs 10:24; 11:23).

The life of an evil person—one who rejects God and His wisdom (Proverbs 1:7)—is empty and hopeless. That path leads to ruin, likely in this life, and certainly in the life to come. This is nothing to envy (Proverbs 24:19). Defying God destroys meaning, purpose, peace, and security. Whatever the godless person obtains will vanish. Nothing they own can ultimately satisfy their soul. Someday, the one who rejects God will perish; Solomon depicts that moment of judgment as a flame being snuffed out.

Jesus told a story about a rich farmer who emphasized his earthly goods and ignored his soul. He cared only about material wealth. When he experienced prosperity, he planned to sit back, relax, and savor the successful harvest. He assumed his soul could be satisfied with the abundant crops, and he could blissfully eat, drink, and be merry (Luke 12:19). However, he did not have an earthly future. His “lamp” would be “put out” that very day. God called such a man a fool, and said: “This night your soul is required of you, and the things you have prepared, whose will they be?” (Luke 12:20). Jesus concluded, “So is the one who lays up treasure for himself and is not rich toward God” (Luke 12:21).

Verse 21. My son, fear the Lord and the king,and do not join with those who do otherwise,

Scripture often uses words translated into English as “fear” which have broader meanings. The cornerstone of the entire book of Proverbs is that understanding truth begins with “fear” of God (Proverbs 1:7). This is not merely respect or reverence. Nor is it panic or fright. To “fear” something or someone, in this sense, means to humbly perceive it from the proper perspective. One must recognize God’s authority as Creator, and His power, and resolve to act accordingly.

This verse cites sound advice given to a son, or possibly to a student. Reverence for the Lord and respect for government leaders go hand in hand. A proper relationship with God produces good citizenship. An unruly citizen violates the command to love the Lord with all one’s heart, soul, strength, and mind. The apostle Paul writes: “First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way. This is good, and it is pleasing in the sight of God our Savior, who desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth” (1 Timothy 2:1–4).

Of course, this does not mean believers are bound to obey everything their governments command. When earthly laws direct people to sin, we are morally obligated to disobey (Acts 5:29).

Solomon’s counsel about not associating with those who disrespect God and the civil authorities parallels the instruction, “You shall not fall in with the many to do evil” (Exodus 23:2). Several other proverbs warn about close association with ungodly persons (Proverbs 1:14–15; 4:14; 13:20; 22:24; 24:1–2). The following verse notes that consequences for evil can come from both God and men (Proverbs 24:22).

Verse 22. for disaster will arise suddenly from them,and who knows the ruin that will come from them both?

Scripture acknowledges that evil people do not always experience justice in this life. In fact, at times, it can seem as if immoral people benefit from their choices (Psalm 73:2–3; Proverbs 24:1–2). Yet the Bible reminds us that rejecting godly wisdom brings great risks in this life (Proverbs 8:32–36) and damnation in eternity (Proverbs 10:24; 11:23). When such consequences occur, they can come abruptly, as noted in this verse.

The term translated “ruin” does not appear often in the Old Testament; it is seen only in this verse and several times in the book of Job. The word implies piercing: suggesting an especially damaging, sudden, painful experience. Other verses suggest this idea while using alternative terms (Proverbs 6:15; 29:1; 1 Corinthians 10:12; 1 Thessalonians 5:3). In most cases, those who reject God’s law suffer the natural consequences of those choices. They also often experience punishment from human government (Romans 13:1–5). Just when someone thinks they’ve “gotten away with it,” disaster strikes. The worst such experience is when the person dies and finds themselves judged by God for their sin (Proverbs 11:4; Revelation 20:11–15).

This concludes the thirty wise sayings which Solomon endorsed (Proverbs 22:17–21) but did not necessarily write himself.

Verse 23. These also are sayings of the wise. Partiality in judging is not good.

This begins another series of sound teachings. The first statement of wisdom ties to the theme of justice (Proverbs 24:24–25). Other proverbs made similar comments about the importance of judicial integrity (Proverbs 1:1–7; 17:23; 18:5; 21:3). Solomon was not only Israel’s king but also the nation’s judge. As such, he was obligated to decide cases wisely and administer justice equitably.

Deuteronomy 1:17 is part of Moses’ reminder that Israel’s judges were supposed to be impartial when deciding cases. This verse reads: “You shall not be partial in judgment. You shall hear the small and the great alike. You shall not be intimidated by anyone, for the judgment is God’s. And the case that is too hard for you, you shall bring to me, and I will hear it.” Deuteronomy 16:19 provides another command to judge impartially. This verse stipulates: “You shall not pervert justice. You shall not show partiality, and you shall not accept a bribe, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and subverts the cause of the righteous.” These injunctions provide wise counsel for today’s judges, as well.

Context Summary
Proverbs 24:23–34 comes after a list of thirty wise teachings; these were recorded by Solomon while not necessarily being his own ideas. The wisdom which concludes this chapter is cited with less clarity, other than being attributed to wise speakers. These address discrimination, rebuke of the wicked, honesty, wise planning, revenge, and the consequences of laziness.

Verse 24. Whoever says to the wicked, “You are in the right,”will be cursed by peoples, abhorred by nations,

Each “proverb” is a general-case statement of common sense, rather than an absolute rule or guarantee. Scripture also notes how some things God calls evil are celebrated in the world (Romans 1:32; Proverbs 24:1). For the most part, however, those who excuse or protect evil actions are condemned by their peers. In this context, Solomon is specifically referring to judges and those in authority. God’s intent for government is to restrain evil, not promote it (Romans 13:3–5). When leaders are corrupt, both God and people notice and are angered. Nations which make a habit of defending evil are typically despised by other countries.

The literal application of this proverb is a judge who derails prosecution or punishment of a guilty person. Such injustice may happen in response to a bribe, or as a favor for a friend, out of fear of an influential person, or even due to personal preference. Such injustice contradicts what God and the public demand of a judge. They are to be fair, honest, and unintimated. If a person is guilty, the judge must declare him guilty and assign an appropriate punishment to him. God does not acquit the wicked. He abhors evil and punishes the wrongdoer. Psalm 25:8 declares, “Good and upright is the LORD.”

While directly referring to official judges, the general concept applies to all people. Our approach to truth should reflect the integrity of God, the righteous Judge. While accepting our limitations (John 7:24; 1 Samuel 16:7), we must also strive to do what is right and good, without inappropriately favoring one person over another (Proverbs 18:5; Romans 2:11; James 2:9).

Verse 25. but those who rebuke the wicked will have delight,and a good blessing will come upon them.

This concludes a wise teaching about impartial, fair judgment (Proverbs 24:23–24). The literal context seems to be those in the official position of a judge; however, the general concept applies to all people. God is fair, impartial, and just (Psalm 25:8) and so we should strive for truthful integrity in all things (Proverbs 18:5; Ephesians 4:15, 29; James 1:22; 5:12; 1 Peter 3:13–17). The prior verse noted that those known to protect evildoers will suffer with a bad reputation. Here the contrast is given, showing how those known for integrity are respected and blessed.

A judge who administers justice with fairness can enjoy the inner satisfaction of doing the right thing. Also, for the most part, such a leader receives the good will and praise of law-abiding citizens. Fair-minded people are usually held in high regard—even if they are hated by the wicked people they rightly rule against. In modern times, judges are either elected or appointed, but those who fulfil their responsibility impartially and with integrity receive the public’s respect. Those known for bias or corruption will be despised.

Samuel was not only a prophet but also a “judge” in the era after Israel’s entry into the Promised Land (Judges 2:11–16). The Lord had called the boy Samuel to succeed Eli, and Samuel responded obediently to the call. First Samuel 3:19–20 states: “Samuel grew, and the LORD was with him and let none of his words fall to the ground. And all Israel from Dan to Beersheba knew that Samuel was established as a prophet of the LORD.” Practicing righteous judgment does not go undetected.

Verse 26. Whoever gives an honest answerkisses the lips.

The phrasing of this verse includes a few subtleties not easily translated into other languages. This figure of speech is grounded in the idea of a kiss being an expression of friendship and affection. The Hebrew words in this statement imply something sincere, “straight,” and truthful. The idea that wise, honest, helpful answers are blessings to the one who hears them is mentioned in other proverbs, as well (Proverbs 12:17, 25; 15:23; 16:13).

This corresponds to the idea of “speaking the truth in love” (Ephesians 4:15). It is possible to be truthful and yet not be loving (Proverbs 15:1; 1 Peter 3:15). Yet it is impossible to be genuinely loving unless one is truthful. There is no love expressed in comforting lies or reassurances. Ephesians 4:25 says, “Therefore, having put away falsehood, let each one of you speak the truth with his neighbor, for we are members one of another.” Verse 29 further expounds, “Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths, but only such as is good for building up, as fits the occasion, that it may give grace to those who hear.”

Speaking lies, even to spare an argument or protect another person’s feelings, shows a lack of respect and a lack of love for that person. Of course, not all people willingly accept wisdom (Proverbs 9:7; 15:12; 29:9). Therefore, discretion is important (Proverbs 26:4–5; Matthew 7:6).

Verse 27. Prepare your work outside;get everything ready for yourself in the field,and after that build your house.

The broad theme of this lesson is the importance of proper priorities. Interpreters differ on the subtle differences one might apply to these words. Some take this to mean one ought to complete their basic labors before worrying about non-essentials. Others see it as a lesson to develop one’s career and abilities before starting a family. Still others consider this a broad reminder that one should ensure “the most important things” are tended to before spending time and effort on less-critical subjects. All of these are compatible with the general theme of the proverb: it is best to plan one’s work, and work one’s plan.

In the ancient world, most people were farmers. Careful planning, in the present, was essential to ensuring there would be food and resources available in the future. Spending time and effort on lesser concerns, when survival was not yet covered, would have been foolish. In a literal example, it would be unwise to construct a permanent home when one doesn’t have crops planted yet. After the fields are growing is the proper time to put effort into less-crucial areas.

Without proper planning and preparation, a project is likely to fail. Jesus pointed out the wisdom of carefully planning what is necessary to build a tower before building it (Luke 14:28). He pointed out that the failure to plan would abort the project, and people would ridicule the builder (Luke 14:29–30). Of course, no one should undertake a project without first considering the Lord’s will. Psalm 127:1 counsels, “Unless the LORD builds the house, those who build it labor in vain.” James 4:13–15 says, “Come now, you who say, ‘Today or tomorrow we will go into such and such a town and spend a year there and trade and make a profit’—yet you do not know what tomorrow will bring. What is your life? For you are a mist that appears for a little time and then vanishes. Instead you ought to say, ‘If the Lord wills, we will live and do this or that.’”

Verse 28. Be not a witness against your neighbor without cause,and do not deceive with your lips.

This verse parallels the Bible’s many commands about honesty (Proverbs 6:16, 19; 26:28; Psalm 34:13). Most such teachings, in fact, carry legal language which suggests things like formal witness testimony (Exodus 20:16; Proverbs 19:5). Here, however, the advice does not immediately mention lying. Rather, it simply says not to speak against others “without cause.” It’s possible to find criticism of anyone, for those willing to look hard enough. There’s a marked difference between speaking out about sin and wrongdoing, versus cutting others down out of spite or jealousy. The lesson here is broad, harmonizing with other verses regarding peace and unity (Matthew 5:9; Romans 12:18).

Although the Lord had commanded the Israelites to love their neighbor as themselves (Leviticus 19:18), they didn’t always obey His command. Disputes between neighbors are inevitable; proverbs such as this help avoid strife. Leviticus 19:17 points out the right way to settle disputes involving a neighbor. This verse counsels: “You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but you shall reason frankly with your neighbor, lest you incur sin because of him.” Proverbs 12:20 declares that “deceit is in the heart of those who devise evil.”

While the verse is primarily about speaking against others, it also mentions deception. Lying about others is never helpful. Also wrong is flattery (Proverbs 29:5; Psalm 12:2–3). Telling people what they want to hear, when it’s not true—or purposefully exaggerated—is as much sin as is other lying (Proverbs 24:24–26).

Verse 29. Do not say, “I will do to him as he has done to me;I will pay the man back for what he has done.”

A common modern English phrase is, “I don’t get mad. I just get even.” The first part of that adage seems biblical (Psalm 37:8–9; Proverbs 16:32; Colossians 3:8), but the second is entirely wrong. One attempts to “settle the score” by hurting another. That person strikes back, as they see it, to also “make things even.” The first party disagrees and thinks this requires more, and more extreme measures. Neither ever agrees justice has been reached, so the cycle never concludes easily. Petty offenses turn into feuds and insults lead to open war. Romans 12:17 commands: “Repay no one evil for evil.” Hebrews 10:30 reminds us again that vengeance belongs to the Lord. When a believer believes someone has wronged him, he should resist the temptation to hurt that person (Proverbs 20:22). Instead, he should trust the Lord to do the right thing.

Another reason to avoid taking revenge is that God is much better at it than we are. Paul’s admonition about vengeance in Romans suggests one ought to “leave it to the wrath of God, for it is written, ‘Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord’” (Romans 12:19). Paul cites Deuteronomy 32:35 where God takes on the role of an avenger. Psalm 94:1 also refers to the Lord as “God of vengeance.” Whatever we think we might accomplish by our feeble efforts, the best response to sin and insults is to let the God of the universe make things right.

Verse 30. I passed by the field of a sluggard,by the vineyard of a man lacking sense,

Some kings isolated themselves from the people and rarely left their palaces. That, apparently, was not the case with Solomon. He took at least some trips to view the outside world. More likely, given his reputation as a wise judge, he was more of an on-site manager of the kingdom.

What is seen here was not the purpose of Solomon’s visit. Nor was it the reason he traveled. He did not leave the palace to see this; it was something seen in passing. What he sees is evidence of a lazy, inept manager (Proverbs 24:31–34). The condition of the field makes it plain that it’s not merely struggling. The owner is not facing some hardship; the property shows evidence that it’s being neglected.

The term “sluggard” translates a word used to describe those who put forth no effort (Proverbs 6:6, 9; 19:24; 20:4). This is the person who knows what should be done, but finds excuses not to do it. The word “fool” is used often in the Book of Proverbs, usually to describe those who ignore godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7). It can also identify someone with no common sense. Laziness is condemned in the Bible. The apostle Paul drew a clear line between those who are prevented from work—such as by illness, injury, or disability—and those who choose not to work. He wrote: “If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat” (2 Thessalonians 3:10).

Verse 31. and behold, it was all overgrown with thorns;the ground was covered with nettles,and its stone wall was broken down.

This begins a detailed description of what Solomon saw, in passing (Proverbs 24:30), that made him realize a vineyard was owned by a lazy person. What he notices are not evidence of hardship, or bad luck, or even inexperience. Rather, they are signs of someone who simply fails to do what needs to be done.

Among the flaws seen are a lack of gardening. For a property meant to grow plants, this is especially dangerous. A person not removing weeds is one not tending to the welfare of the good plants. It’s possible Solomon saw a field entirely overrun with weeds—one with no good crops at all. Furthermore, the stone wall meant to protect the field from thieves and scavengers was in disarray. This, too, seems to have been due to neglect, and not an enemy attack.

Every gardener or farmer knows plants need constant attention and work. When God placed a curse on the ground when Adam and Eve sinned, He said: “Cursed is the ground because of you; in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life; thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you; and you shall eat the plants of the field” (Genesis 3:17–18). Perhaps the prodigal son was too lazy to stay home on the farm and work the soil. Apparently, he craved a soft life, but he was foolish to leave home and waste his money on wayward living. Eventually, he recognized he had made an immature mistake (Luke 15:11–32).

Verse 32. Then I saw and considered it;I looked and received instruction.

Solomon did not stop in passing to rebuke the lazy owner of an unkempt field (Proverbs 24:30). The condition of the property made it clear the owner was uninvolved or simply unwilling to do the required work (Proverbs 30:31). Rather than step in and scold the property manager, Solomon chose to reflect on the situation and apply his thoughts to his own life. This is not a casual glance. What’s described is both noticing and pondering. Solomon “looked and received instruction.” The obvious results of foolish laziness served as a learning moment for Solomon. Solomon did not summon the lazy farmer to appear before him to be punished. Instead, he learned more deeply that laziness is one of the routes leading to poverty (Proverbs 24:33–34).

This basic lesson is echoed many times in the book of Proverbs (Proverbs 10:4; 20:13; 28:19). Verses 33 and 34 of this chapter are identical to verses 10 and 11 of chapter 6.

It is essential that those who instruct others, as did Solomon, keep on learning (Proverbs 1:5; 15:14; 19:25, 27); no one attains a state of knowing everything. Even near the end of his life the scholarly apostle Paul asked Timothy to bring him not only his cloak that he had left with Carpus but also “the books, and above all [copies of Scripture]” (2 Timothy 4:13).

Verse 33. A little sleep, a little slumber,a little folding of the hands to rest,

The godly wisdom presented in the book of proverbs warns about the dangers of laziness. This is sometimes presented using the imagery of sleeping: implying those who lay in bed rather than getting up and doing their work (Proverbs 6:9–11; 10:5; 19:15). According to Solomon, one way to lose everything while gaining nothing is to get comfortable with laziness.

Scripture does not endorse the “workaholic” attitude: the person who rejects rest and self-care in a misguided effort to be responsible (Psalm 3:5; Proverbs 3:24; 19:23). However, the Bible clearly states that choosing not to work, at all, or to be lazy, are both sinful. Many people would prefer to stay in bed a little longer in the morning than to go to work, but a sense of responsibility to pay the bills and keep a roof over their heads motivates them to “rise and shine.” A proper amount of sleep prepares a person for work, but too much sleep makes him indolent and unwilling to work. Proverbs 20:13 warns: “Love not sleep, lest you come to poverty; open your eyes, and you will have plenty of bread.”

There is a spiritual component to our need for an excellent work ethic. We have work to do fulfilling the Great Commission (Matthew 28:19–20); we should be alert to that task instead of “sleeping” on the job. Romans 13:11 counsels, “Besides this you know the time, that the hour has come for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed.”

This statement is identical to Proverbs 6:10.

Verse 34. and poverty will come upon you like a robber,and want like an armed man.

Hardship, accidents, and fraud can strip a person of their wealth. Another means to poverty is laziness: failing to do what needs to be done, because of disinterest or apathy. Most lazy people intend to accomplish tasks. They recognize those as jobs which need to be done. Yet they put them off until, to their harm, they realize it’s too late and there’s not enough time to get the job done. This can feel as sudden and dramatic as an ambush from robbers—yet it’s the lazy person’s own fault.

In most cases, success demands diligent work. A person must work even when evidence of positive results is slow to appear. A farmer prepares his field and vineyard without seeing visible results, but later, when the harvest comes, he reaps the good results of his work. James observes in James 5:7: “See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, being patient about it, until it receives the early and the late rains.” Similarly, Paul writes: “Therefore, my beloved brothers, be steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that in the Lord your labor is not in vain” (1 Corinthians 15:58). Just as successful farming requires work, even so successful Christian service requires work, and “in due season we will reap, if we do not give up” (Galatians 6:9).

This statement is identical to Proverbs 6:11.

End of Proverbs 24

Please Note:

The material use in this post, video is from BibleRef.com which is from Got Questions Ministries and is posted here to be read by Immersive reader in the Edge Browser. If you copy this material please follow these rules:

•Content from BibleRef.com may not be used for any commercial purposes, or as part of any commercial work, without explicit prior written consent from Got Questions ministries.

•Any use of our material should be properly credited; please make it clear the content is from BibleRef.com.

•BibleRef.com content may not be altered, modified, or otherwise changed unless such changes are specifically noted.