Down to Earth But Heavenly Minded

What does Proverbs Chapter 23 mean?

In the previous chapter, Solomon introduced a series of thirty wise sayings (Proverbs 22:17–21) which he endorses yet did not necessarily write himself. The first five were found in chapter 22; the sixth through eighteenth are in this passage.

Greed and gluttony are dangerous, even when enjoying the hospitality of a host. It’s important not to appear to take undue advantage of the host’s generosity. At the same time, one should be careful not to allow generosity to sway good judgment. A cynical, manipulative host should be avoided since their charity is just a pretext for a bribe. Wealth, itself, is tempting, but part of godly wisdom is knowing when to stop chasing profit. This segment repeats warnings about fraud, in the form of moving boundary markers, and the pointless exercise of trying to educate a hard-headed fool (Proverbs 23:1–11).

Next are reminders about the value of proper child discipline. In this context, the intent is to help children learn to make good choices, in tune with God’s will (Proverbs 1:7). Those who grow into adults, and who follow such teachings, bring their parents joy. As part of that perspective, Solomon encourages the reader not to be jealous of those who engage in sin—their hope is limited, while those who honor God can look forward to eternity. The passage warns about being associated with people who lack self-control. Not only will their immorality influence others, but they can also cause collateral damage with their poor choices (Proverbs 23:12–25).

In the same way, sexual sins should be taken seriously and avoided. The danger of lust is compared to a trap, or to an ambush from a robber. This advice is followed by the Bible’s most extensive, detailed warning about the dangers of alcohol abuse. Over-consumption leads to personal woes, side effects, and a host of other dangers. While Scripture does not forbid all use of alcohol, it clearly labels drunkenness as a sin (Ephesians 5:18). The Bible also explains in direct terms what can happen when someone consumes alcohol carelessly (Proverbs 23:26–35).

Chapter Context
This chapter continues Solomon’s collection of the sayings of wise men (Proverbs 22:17–21). These lessons continue through Proverbs 24:34. Here, Solomon addresses his “son,” perhaps meaning a student, with warnings about money, gluttony, speaking in the company of a fool, dishonesty, withholding discipline from a child, keeping company with drunkards, and the abuse of alcohol. The description of alcohol’s risks is the most extensive such caution given in Scripture.

Verse by Verse

Verse 1. When you sit down to eat with a ruler,observe carefully what is before you,

In the ancient Middle East, sharing meals implied friendship and diplomacy. As Israel’s king, Solomon was familiar with dinner events. In this verse he counsels his student to carefully consider what is before him when he dines with a ruler. The overall warning is about complacency and greed. One should not embarrass themselves by abusing someone’s hospitality. At the same time, one should be careful that a powerful person’s generosity does not turn into a bribe.

The distinction between rich and poor was much greater in the ancient world than it is in most modern cultures. For someone used to working for “daily bread,” being invited to a feast of luxurious food might tempt them to eat too quickly or too much. Instead, Solomon advises self-discipline. The ruler may be watching the guest’s table manners, but God also watches. The following verse (Proverbs 23:2) uses deliberate exaggeration (Matthew 5:30) about the importance of avoiding excess.

The “desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes” are contrary to God’s will, according to 1 John 2:16. Jesus also told a story about a certain rich man, who feasted every day (Luke 16:19), only to learn that true life isn’t defined by wealth. He neglected to prepare for eternity (Luke 16:22–30). It is better to eat moderately and trust in God, than to feast in luxury in this life, only to wish for a drop of water in hell.

Context Summary
Proverbs 23:1–11 continues a set of wise sayings recorded by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21). This passage contains many wise sayings framed mainly as negative commands: beginning with the words, “Do not.” These statements are longer than the succinct suggestions which make up most of the book of Proverbs. Solomon addresses matters such as cautious skepticism towards one’s host, avoiding addiction to work, and integrity before both men and God.

Verse 2. and put a knife to your throatif you are given to appetite.

This verse uses the technique of “hyperbole:” exaggeration for effect (Matthew 5:30). Just as people in modern English might say, “I’ve told you a million times,” those phrases are understood to be poetic, not literal. In this case, Solomon is advising a student about the need for self-control when one is hosted by a ruler or other powerful person. Rather than give in to greed and overeat, he should be polite. That’s important enough that, symbolically, it’s better to put the knife to one’s own throat, rather than to the food, if that’s what it takes to not appear greedy.

In context, Solomon is speaking about the impression one gives to a host, especially someone in a position of authority. The general idea also extends to greed and gluttony, in general. Gluttony is one of many sins which stem from the cravings of our fallen human nature. Like all other lusts, gluttony must be put aside. Paul writes, “Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, to make you obey its passions” (Romans 6:12). Fortunately, the believer does not have to give in to the passions of the sin nature. Paul explains in verses 3 and 4 that believers are united with Christ in His death and resurrection and therefore can “walk in newness of life.” In Romans 8:4 believers are described as those “who walk not according to the flesh [the sin nature] but according to the Spirit.” Knowing how the sin nature fulfills its evil desires through the deeds of the body, Paul practiced a strict discipline. He writes in 1 Corinthians 9:27: “But I discipline my body and keep it under control, lest after preaching to others I myself should be disqualified.”

Verse 3. Do not desire his delicacies,for they are deceptive food.

This is the last part of a wise teaching endorsed by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21). When treated to dinner by a host, he commends self-control. In the first part of this teaching, the emphasis was on not appearing greedy in front of the host (Proverbs 23:1–2). Using poetic exaggeration, it warned against being careless and appearing to take undue advantage of someone’s hospitality.

Here, another reason for cautious skepticism is given. It’s possible that a host might use lavish generosity to lull someone into a false sense of security. They might be offering a subtle bribe or attempting to sway a guest’s opinions. Solomon warns his student not to be deceived by whatever luxuries are offered. Instead, one should be grateful for generous hospitality without being gullible or easily swayed.

Like the dinner host of this proverb, the Devil often tempts victims with what appears to be highly desirable. When a victim takes the bait, the Devil springs the trap and enslaves the victim in sin (James 1:14–15; 1 Peter 5:8). In the dawn of human history, the Devil tempted Eve by questioning that God had placed the tree of the knowledge of good and evil off limits (Genesis 3:1–2). He denied that death would come to Eve if she partook of the tree (Genesis 3:4) and said partaking would make her like God (Genesis 3:5). When Eve saw that the fruit was edible, beautiful, and could bestow knowledge, she ate, and gave some to Adam (Genesis 3:6). The trap closed, and death ensued (Genesis 3:19).

Verse 4. Do not toil to acquire wealth;be discerning enough to desist.

Verses 4 and 5 speak against the habit of “overworking.” Other passages in the book of Proverbs warn about laziness (Proverbs 6:10; 10:4; 19:15, 24). Yet there is also danger in pursuing wealth at the expense of one’s health, family life, or other needs. Scripture frames this as a matter of discernment: something requiring careful thought and good judgment. A wise, hardworking person recognizes the need for rest. They can tell the difference between a strong work ethic and being what modern English would describe as a “workaholic:” someone addicted to a job or task.

Specifically, Solomon is speaking against the work-without-discernment attitude as it applies to seeking wealth. We should resist the urge to work solely to get rich. We should not sacrifice other needs so we can take on additional money-making opportunities. Of course, circumstances sometimes demand a heavy work schedule. As far as we’re able, however, that should be an exception and not a rule.

Human wisdom tends to imply that life’s highest priority is accumulating wealth, but the wisdom of God contradicts that conclusion (Proverbs 23:5). Jesus told His disciples: “Do not work for the food that perishes, but for food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give to you” (John 6:27). He also said, “Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal” (Matthew 6:19). Solomon writes in Ecclesiastes 5:10: “He who loves money will not be satisfied with money, nor he who loves wealth with his income; this also is vanity.” Many materialistic people have discovered the truth of Solomon’s statements. They have learned they are never satisfied with their material wealth and always crave more.

Verse 5. When your eyes light on it, it is gone,for suddenly it sprouts wings,flying like an eagle toward heaven.

This completes Solomon’s warning about overworking, especially for the sake of wealth. This verse uses a turn of phrase in Hebrew which is lost in translation. The literal wording refers to both the eyes and the eagle “flying.” If one’s eyes “fly” to wealth, that wealth will just as quickly “fly” away. This echoes other statements in the Bible about the temporary nature of earthly resources (Proverbs 11:4; 27:24).

A common English expression regarding money and death is, “you can’t take it with you.” Every earthly possession will be stripped from even the richest man in the world when he takes his final breath. Then he will stand before God. If his trust and emphasis was in wealth rather than in the Savior, he will be condemned for eternity. The rich man Jesus described as “clothed in purple and fine linen and who feasted feasting sumptuously every day” (Luke 16:19) died and left all his wealth behind. He suffered in Hades and longed for just a fingertip’s drop of water to cool his tongue. He found like so many others that wealth is temporary and unstable (Luke 18:25; James 5:1–3).

Verse 6. Do not eat the bread of a man who is stingy;do not desire his delicacies,

An earlier teaching (Proverbs 23:1–3) cautioned about taking hospitality for granted. There is danger in appearing greedy, as well as in failing to recognize when one is being bribed. Here, Solomon gives further advice about those who give with ill intent. That might mean those who give bitterly, holding a grudge, or those making an overt attempt to buy someone’s favor. Verses 6 through 8 warn about this kind of host.

The Hebrew phrase ra’ ā’yin can be literally translated as “an evil eye.” This figure of speech only appears here and in Proverbs 28:22, as well as its mirror image in Proverbs 22:9. The wording implies someone who gives with ulterior motives or cynicism. This kind of host might be obsessed with how much his generosity costs. Or he’s offering hospitality with the explicit goal of getting something in return. Many a business deal is transacted over lunch. While that’s not immoral in and of itself, it’s spiritually dangerous if the host treats his guest so that he can gain his business. It is hard to disappoint the host by refusing a proposal; this pressure is often part of the “game” of modern business.

In his letter to the Galatians, Paul asked, “O foolish Galatians! Who has bewitched you?” (Galatians 3:1). He believed false teachers had placed them under the spell of an evil eye. They had done this by flattering the Galatians only to draw them away from the truth and captivate them with a false gospel (Galatians 1:6–7; 4:17).

Verse 7. for he is like one who is inwardly calculating.”Eat and drink!” he says to you,but his heart is not with you.

Solomon explains why it’s best to avoid taking hospitality from someone who is “stingy.” The literal meaning of the Hebrew phrase (Proverbs 23:6) is someone with an “evil eye.” Here, that figure of speech is given context. The host depicted here is not being generous out of love or brotherhood. Instead, he gives grudgingly and with the expectation of being repaid, somehow.

Scripture describes this type of host as “inwardly calculating.” He is feigning friendliness, but he does not really wish his guest well. Either he is regretting the cost of the food the guest is consuming or he is attempting to deceive the guest into being taken advantage of. When someone realizes the “hospitality” they’ve been offered was really an attempted bribe, or manipulation, it makes them want to spit out what they’ve eaten (Proverbs 23:8). The time and conversation feel like a waste.

The Bible denounces filling one’s heart with materialistic concerns and the love of money. The stingy man’s concern about the cost of the food is contrary to Jesus’ teaching about materialism. He said, “Therefore I tell you, do not be anxious about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, nor about your body, what you will put on. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothing?” (Matthew 6:25). He added, “Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’” (verse 31). Paul urged Timothy to warn believers about the love of money and to stress the importance of being generous (1 Timothy 6:17–18).

Verse 8. You will vomit up the morsels that you have eaten,and waste your pleasant words.

This completes a warning (Proverbs 23:6–7) about taking hospitality from someone who is merely looking to manipulate their guest. That might mean thinking of a meal as an overt bribe, or an attempt to sway the guest’s opinion. It can also apply to the person whose hospitality is insincere because they are upset about the cost. At the very least, wise persons should be cautious when accepting gifts or invitations (Proverbs 23:1–3).

Every so often, a person invited to a meal or a cup of coffee will realize they were not brought there for friendly conversation. Instead, it may dawn on the guest that this is a sales pitch, an enticement to some business plan, or a cynical attempt to buy their affection. Such realization can hit hard—the guest might literally feel sick to their stomach, embarrassed that they’ve been fooled and have wasted their time. While expressing gratitude is always polite, it’s natural for a person to feel that any thanks they offer for such a meeting was given under false pretenses.

The Devil used deceptive words to entice Eve to eat the forbidden fruit in Eden. He told Eve, “You will not surely die. For God knows that when you eat of [the tree of the knowledge of good and evil] your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil” (Genesis 3:4–5). After falling for the Devil’s flattery, Eve learned how distasteful sin is. The Devil has continued from the original temptation to hook victims into thinking they can disobey God without consequence, but the wages of sin are still the same: death (Romans 6:23).

Verse 9. Do not speak in the hearing of a fool,for he will despise the good sense of your words.

Not every conversation is worth having, because not every person is willing to converse reasonably. It is foolish to hold a conversation with a fool. Other proverbs note how some people sneer at what they don’t understand and respond to other views with anger (Proverbs 9:7; 22:10). Trying to speak rationally with such people is like trying to put out a grease fire with a squirt gun. Not only does it not work, but it makes the situation worse. It makes no difference how true or how valuable an idea is; if the hearer refuses to even consider it, then the attempt itself is wasted. Often the “fool” of the book of Proverbs is depicted as stubborn and thickheaded; his problem is not his intellect, but his intent.

This applies even to important topics. As much as a believer is compassionate and wants to share the gospel with everyone, he must realize that some people foolishly resist the truth. They harden their hearts and minds and mock the gospel. Jesus said, “Do not give dogs what is holy, and do not cast your pearls before pigs, lest they trample them underfoot and turn to attack you” (Matthew 7:6). Other Scriptures underline the idea that godly people should avoid pointless arguments (Titus 3:9–11; 2 Timothy 2:23; Proverbs 29:9).

The fool has a false philosophy and does not want to consider the gospel. His mind is made up, and he has steeled his will against changing it. The content of the message has no value when the listener’s intent is against it. Another example of people clinging to wrong beliefs and foolishly setting their minds against the truth comes from John chapter 5. There, a group of religious leaders opposed Jesus. He told them: “You search the Scriptures because you think that in then you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me, yet you refuse to come to me that you may have life” (John 5:39–40).

Verse 10. Do not move an ancient landmarkor enter the fields of the fatherless,

Solomon offers another “do not” lesson, as part of his collection of thirty wise teachings (Proverbs 22:17–21). This echoes a comment made near the end of the prior chapter (Proverbs 22:28), which itself was part of this collection of wisdom. Ancient boundaries were often noted using landmarks; when the border was not at a precise landmark, stones could be placed (Genesis 31:51–52). A form of theft could be committed by moving a boundary stone, making it appear that the line was in a different location (Deuteronomy 19:14; Job 24:2; Hosea 5:10). The prior proverb hinted at the idea of not ignoring the restrictions of previous generations; this one is more directly applied (Proverbs 23:11).

The sin committed here is something like a modern person altering a map, uprooting surveyor’s stakes, or moving a fence. Other Old Testament passages specifically forbade this (Deuteronomy 27:17). Even worse than cheating someone out of property is to defraud someone already disadvantaged, such as those who have lost a father. Other proverbs condemn such acts (Proverbs 22:22; 31:8–9). James writes, “Religion that is pure and undefiled before God the Father is this: to visit orphans and widows in their affliction, and to keep oneself unstained from the world” (James 1:27). Another part of this collection of thirty wise teachings highlighted a similar idea (Proverbs 22:22–23).

King David is an example of kindness to a fatherless, helpless person. He sent for Mephibosheth, Jonathan’s disabled son, and welcomed him into the palace. He set a place at the table for Mephibosheth, gave him land, and instructed Saul’s servant Ziba and Ziba’s sons to work the land for Mephibosheth (2 Samuel 9:1–13).

Verse 11. for their Redeemer is strong;he will plead their cause against you.

The prior verse began a warning about cheating people out of land, making specific reference to disadvantaged persons (Proverbs 23:10). This is part of a collection of thirty wise sayings endorsed by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21). Here, the warning is completed with a reminder that God advocates for those weak in the world’s eyes (Deuteronomy 10:18; Proverbs 22:22–23).

This Scripture refers to a “Redeemer,” using a Hebrew term associated with a family member’s obligation to care for a destitute relative (Ruth 4:6). Since other passages indicate that God, Himself, is in favor of the poor, it’s reasonable to see this as a reference to the Lord, Himself. Deuteronomy 10:18 says, “He executes justice for the fatherless and the widow, and loves the sojourner, giving him food and clothing.” Psalm 10:17–18 states, “O LORD, you hear the desire of the afflicted; you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear to do justice to the fatherless and the oppressed, so that man who is of the earth may strike terror no more.”

In the book of Ruth, we read about Boaz, Naomi’s relative, who took the role of a kinsman redeemer to buy Naomi’s field and marry her daughter-in-law Ruth (Ruth 4:7–10). As the Redeemer of the fatherless, the Lord opposes those who maltreat them.

Verse 12. Apply your heart to instructionand your ear to words of knowledge.

The entire book of Proverbs centers around the value of godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7; 3:1–8). A large section of the book was composed of good advice attributed to Solomon (Proverbs 10:1). After several chapters of these teachings, Solomon introduced thirty wise sayings which he endorsed, but did not necessarily write (Proverbs 22:17–21). While relaying these thirty teachings, he occasionally stops to highlight the importance of those words. This verse is one of those reminders (Proverbs 23:19, 26).

Discipline and close attention are necessary if a person wants to gain godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:1–7). The book of Proverbs uses certain terms to depict levels of instruction. “Learning” is acquiring information. “Knowledge” is learning retained for long-term use. “Wisdom” is the capacity to act correctly based on knowledge. “Understanding” is a developed level of wisdom which should be shared with others.

This means that true wisdom requires intentional choices; a person can “know” what is right, but the heart must apply that knowledge to real-life situations. James exhorts his readers to “be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves” (James 1:22). He explains that whoever reads into God’s Word but fails to apply it is like someone who looks into a mirror and immediately forgets what his face looks like (James 1:23–24). He reasons that blessing comes to the person who acts upon what God’s Word reveals (James 1:25). Jesus said, “Take care then how you hear” (Luke 8:18)—meaning we ought not merely perceive His Word, but also obey it.

Context Summary
Proverbs 23:12–21 lays out more of the thirty wise sayings which Solomon recorded for others to hear (Proverbs 22:17–21). Verses 12 and 19 repeat the call to heed wisdom. The following helpful statements touch on child discipline, personal integrity, caution about one’s companions, and the benefits of listening to godly parental advice.

Verse 13. Do not withhold discipline from a child;if you strike him with a rod, he will not die.

This verse and its counterpart (Proverbs 23:14) follow the biblical teaching of proper child discipline. Other proverbs noted the same general idea: that appropriate loving discipline trains a child to avoid evil, sparing them from greater suffering later in life (Proverbs 3:11–12; 5:23; 13:1; 19:18; 22:15). As with all proverbs, this is a statement of general truth—of common sense—not an absolute guarantee. Even diligent parents can experience the heartache of wayward children. Yet, in general, parents who raise sons and daughters with loving correction set those children up for success (Proverbs 22:6). Unruly children tend to become unruly adults, who face adult consequences such as prison, violence, disease, and addiction.

Although Solomon mentions the use of a rod or stick, the literal object is not the point. Nor is the meaning of this verse that physical discipline—known as “corporal punishment”—is required. Whatever form of discipline suits the individual child and the individual situation is what’s best. A disciplinary measure that works well for one child may not work well for another. A spanking, for example, may deter one child from repeating an immoral behavior. Another child may become enraged and not learn from corporal punishment, while responding quickly to loss of privileges.

Loving, sincere parents may protest that they “love” their children too much to discipline them. Yet this only trains the child to expect a world without consequences—a world which does not exist. A parent who genuinely loves the child should recognize the need for reasonable discipline and apply it accordingly (Hebrews 12:6).

Verse 14. If you strike him with the rod,you will save his soul from Sheol.

Solomon continues his exhortation to discipline a child (Proverbs 23:13). His point here is that proper discipline instructs children about consequences and choices. This knowledge is best learned at home, where penalties for mistakes are light. Undisciplined children tend to become unruly adults, and the adult world brings consequences through law enforcement, loss of jobs, and violence. Though the imagery here involves a rod, the point is not about any literal object or even physical punishment, itself. The meaning involves the concept of loving, guiding discipline, which varies based on the child and the situation.

Each person is ultimately responsible for their own decisions. Even diligent parents have, at times, mourned to see their children suffer from foolish choices. Solomon’s point here is not an absolute promise. Yet it is a sensible, reasonable general truth. How many people suffer permanent consequences due to a lack of self-control or disrespect for authority? If any of those might have been avoided through proactive parenting, that seems to be a wiser and more loving choice.

An English-language proverb which echoes this idea says that “as the twig is bent so grows the tree.” Proverbs 22:6 endorses child discipline by stating, “Train up a child in the way he should go; even when he is old he will not depart from it.” Other statements in this book make the same general point (Proverbs 3:11–12; 5:23; 13:1; 19:18; 22:15). A positive example of this comes from Timothy’s grandmother and mother. Paul commends those two women in 2 Timothy 1:5 as having the same faith that Timothy now exhibited. In 2 Timothy 3:15 Paul reminds Timothy that he was acquainted from childhood with the sacred writings that were able to make him “wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.”

Verse 15. My son, if your heart is wise,my heart too will be glad.

This is the twelfth of thirty wise sayings compiled by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21). Here, he speaks to his “son,” possibly meaning a student. Teachers and parents feel a legitimate, godly sense of pride when their students and children make beneficial use of their lessons. This statement comes immediately after one of this book’s many endorsements of proper child discipline (Proverbs 23:13–14). Proper, loving discipline directs a child towards godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:1–7; 3:1–5).

In most modern languages, references to the “heart” imply sentiments. That’s also true in Scripture, though in the ancient world the heart was thought of as the seat of both intellect and emotions. Both sides are at work in this verse; a person with a “wise heart” is one whose thoughts and attitudes reflect the will of God (Romans 12:1–2). A parent who sees their children living sensibly and with godliness will feel a sense of happiness and joy.

The New Testament believer who is wise has the mind of Christ (1 Corinthians 2:14–16). Also, he detests sin and loves righteousness (Hebrews 1:9; Romans 6:11). He rejoices not in iniquity but in the truth (1 Corinthians 13:6). He loves God and God’s Word (Colossians 3:16; 2 Timothy 3:16–17; 1 John 4:13–21). A wise son causes his parents to rejoice. The apostle John writes to “the elect lady and her children” (2 John 1:1) and says, “I rejoiced greatly to find some of your children walking in the truth, just as were commanded by the Father” (2 John 1:4). A father and mother experience extraordinary joy when they see their son or daughter walking in righteousness as good ambassadors for Jesus Christ. In contrast, it’s heartbreaking to watch your children choose evil (Proverbs 17:25; 19:26; 28:7).

Verse 16. My inmost being will exultwhen your lips speak what is right.

Solomon’s proverbs often point out the value of godly wisdom and the need to pass it along to one’s children (Proverbs 1:1–7; 3:1–5; 13:1; 19:18; 22:6). The prior verse noted that a parent, or a teacher, will be glad to see their children making effective use of their advice. It is possible for a person to know what is right, and not do it. A person might know what is right, and do what is right, but not speak up for godliness and goodness. Here, Solomon points to a child who “[speaks] what is right” as a crowning achievement.

Many Old Testament believers lived among morally corrupt people, but they spoke truth in love (Ephesians 4:15). Noah was faithful to the Lord in a time when “the wickedness of man was great in the earth” and “every intention of the thoughts of [humanity] was only evil continually” (Genesis 6:5). However, Noah spoke what was right. The apostle Peter describes him as “a herald of righteousness” (2 Peter 2:5). New Testament believers are called ambassadors for Christ entrusted with the message of reconciliation. As such, believers ought to speak what is right by imploring unbelievers to be reconciled to God (2 Corinthians 5:18–20). When a son speaks as an ambassador of Christ, he brings immense joy to his father.

Verse 17. Let not your heart envy sinners,but continue in the fear of the Lord all the day.

Among Satan’s most effective tricks is making people think they are “missing out” by following God’s instructions. This was the basic temptation Satan used against Eve. He fooled her—and she convinced Adam—into thinking their Creator’s rules were keeping them from something better (Genesis 3:1–7). Of course, that was a lie. When Adam and Eve fell to temptation, they brought misery and death on themselves and all humanity. Today, the same form of temptation exists; Solomon calls it when the heart “envies” those who commit sin.

Much of the book of Proverbs explains the real-world dangers of sin. Addiction, poverty, violence, shame, sickness and even death are heightened risks for those making immoral choices (Proverbs 8:33–36; 13:21). Worse, of course, is that those who reject God face an eternity of loss (Proverbs 10:16; 11:4; 16:4). God’s ways are better, and His benefits greater, than anything the world can offer (Ephesians 1:3–14; Colossians 3:1–4; 1 Peter 1:3–12). Those who embrace this will at least be secure in eternity, and most likely have better outcomes in this life, as well (Proverbs 1:33). True wisdom starts with reverent respect for God (Proverbs 1:7): the “fear of the LORD.” The advice given here echoes some of the earliest and most fundamental themes of the book of Proverbs (Proverbs 1:10).

In Psalm 73, Asaph is faced with this temptation of envy. This almost caused him to make shipwreck of his faith (Psalm 73:2–3). He was bitter over the way God-deniers seemed to have trouble-free, healthy lives. However, his reverence for the Lord drove him to the sanctuary of God. There, he was reminded of the ultimate, dreadful future of all sinners (Psalm 73:16–20). In the sanctuary he also came to his senses and realized how blessed he was to have God’s presence, protection, provision, and providential care (Psalm 73:21–28). Proverbs 1:10 says, “My son, if sinners entice you, do not consent.” It is good to recognize that what believers have in Christ is far more valuable than the fleeting value of the things of this world (Proverbs 23:18).

Verse 18. Surely there is a future,and your hope will not be cut off.

At times, sin seems attractive (Proverbs 23:17) and we’re tempted by a fear of “missing out.” That’s how Satan tempted Adam and Eve (Genesis 3:1–7), and it’s been a common struggle for humanity ever since (Psalm 73:2–3, 16–20). Of course, most sin brings with it risks of serious earthly consequences (Proverbs 8:33–36; 13:21). Worse, those who reject God in favor of sin gain only a fractional instant of benefit, followed by an eternity of suffering (Mark 9:43). The ungodly person has no hope.

The righteous—those who seek and follow God (Proverbs 1:7)—have enduring hope. Their future is bright. Believers have an inheritance in heaven that is secure, kept by God’s power (Jude 1:24; 2 Thessalonians 3:3; John 10:28). When life ends for a believer, he or she enters the presence of Christ and receives an inheritance (2 Corinthians 5:8). The apostle Peter encouraged persecuted first-century believers with these words: “Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you, who by God’s power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time” (1 Peter 1:3–5).

Verse 19. Hear, my son, and be wise,and direct your heart in the way.

This is another reminder from Solomon for his son—possibly meaning a student—to make good use of his teachings. Life’s choices are often described as walking a path (Proverbs 4:11, 18, 26), so those who follow God’s will can avoid both danger and becoming lost. This is a major theme of the book of Proverbs (Proverbs 1:1–10). True wisdom begins with a reverent submission to God’s will. While most of the wisdom in this book was written by Solomon, this passage is part of thirty wise teachings which Solomon endorsed, but likely did not write (Proverbs 22:17–21). Several times, in recounting those lessons, Solomon includes this reminder (Proverbs 23:12, 26).

Jesus used the analogy of paths when speaking about the basic choice facing all people. Each way has a gate; one is wide, the other is narrow. A person must choose which gate he will enter. The wide gate opens to an easy way—the kind that’s easy to envy (Proverbs 23:17). The narrow gate opens to a hard way, which the world sees as unreasonable. Christ noted that many choose to enter the wide gate and follow the easy way, but that leads to destruction (Matthew 7:13). Few choose the narrow gate, but the “hard way” leads to life (Matthew 7:14). He commanded: “Enter by the narrow gate” (Matthew 7:13).

In his farewell speech, Joshua commanded the people of Israel to “Choose this day whom you will serve” (Joshua 24:15). The gospel offers a similar pair of options: to believe on Jesus and follow Him or reject Him and follow a path leading to destruction.

Verse 20. Be not among drunkardsor among gluttonous eaters of meat,

This verse literally mentions drunkenness and gluttony, but the meaning is broader. The concept applies to those who are often drunk, or who overeat. Yet it also refers to those dominated by urges and appetites. The modern “party hard” attitude, which celebrates out-of-control indulgence, is part of that mistake.

Earlier verses warned against being jealous of sinful lifestyles (Proverbs 23:17–18). What seems fun and entertaining at first comes with serious risks, and eternal consequences (Proverbs 8:32–36). One way to avoid being tempted by sinfulness is avoiding those who persist in sin. This echoes other advice given in the book of Proverbs (Proverbs 22:24; 28:7). Those we associate with can influence our character (Proverbs 12:26; 13:20). This is one reason Scripture advises against close friendships or situations with those prone to vice.

Another reason for this warning is the collateral damage brought by those sins. Later verses will give more details about the personal dangers of drunkenness (Proverbs 23:29–35). The advice given here is not to be “among” such persons, because their lifestyle leads to ruin (Proverbs 23:21). Imitating their sin invites disaster. Just being around them means the chance of being caught up in the aftermath of wicked choices. Even if you are sober, a drunk friend can start a fight or commit a crime, dragging you into trouble.

Alcohol is not entirely off-limits for believers. However, the Bible is clear about its dangers and sets limits on when it should not be used. In Old Testament times wine was forbidden for priests while on duty (Leviticus 10:9) and for Nazirites (Numbers 6:1–6). In his letter to the Ephesians, the apostle Paul exhorted: “Do not get drunk with wine, for that is debauchery, but be filled with the Spirit” (Ephesians 5:18). Wine and other substances can control a person, but a believer should take care not to be controlled by anything other than the Holy Spirit.

In a comparable way, gluttony—greed, overeating, or other forms of excess—can produce drowsiness and render the glutton virtually useless. It’s also a means to waste one’s resources, pushing one closer to poverty.

Verse 21. for the drunkard and the glutton will come to poverty,and slumber will clothe them with rags.

The prior verse warned against even being “among” those known for their excess and lack of self-control. Solomon pointed specifically to drunkenness and gluttony, but also implied all forms of uncontrolled urges. Not only can friends and associates influence our character (Proverbs 12:26; 13:20), but their choices can lead to troubles that sweep up innocent bystanders, as well (Proverbs 22:24–25).

This statement explains some of the consequences which come from uncontrolled excess. Those obsessed with the “party hard” lifestyle waste outrageous amounts of time and money on it. The same is true with any urge or desire that’s marked by greed and addiction. This can lead to financial hardships, strained relationships, and trouble with employment. Substance addiction, especially, can ruin a person’s ability to hold down a job.

An earlier teaching warned against being jealous of sinful lifestyles (Proverbs 23:17–18). Advertising always portrays alcohol as part of a fun time, but never points out how many people’s lives have been ruined by drinking. Scripture doesn’t forbid all use of alcohol, but it is clear about its dangers (Proverbs 23:29–35). The same is true of excessive eating, partying, substance abuse, or entertainment. If someone is controlled by their desires, those urges will push them towards personal disaster.

Verse 22. Listen to your father who gave you life,and do not despise your mother when she is old.

This kind of plea occurs often in the book of Proverbs (Proverbs 1:8; 4:1; 13:1; 19:20). Parents know how prone children are to go their own way, even when it’s unwise. Godly parenting requires patience, consistency, and love, as well as firmness and reasonable discipline. Loving mothers and fathers instruct their children in the fear and admonition of the Lord (Proverbs 1:7; Ephesians 6:4). This requires the parents to know God’s Word, themselves. Deuteronomy 6:7 commands parents to demonstrate their own love for God’s teaching. The verse calls upon parents to teach the statutes and rules diligently to their children at home, outdoors, at bedtime, and first thing in the morning.

Solomon also urges proper respect for older parents. The term “despise,” as used here, implies scorn and derision, and might also be translated as “disdain.” As parents age, it’s easy to become frustrated with or dismissive of them. Yet God commands us to honor parents (Exodus 20:12; Ephesians 6:1–3). Those “who gave you life” shouldn’t be cast aside when they become old.

Context Summary
Proverbs 23:22–25 appeals to the example of a godly father. The following section contains a strong warning about sexual sin. That is followed by an extensive, blunt assessment of the dangers of drunkenness. These are all part of thirty wise teachings endorsed by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21).

Verse 23. Buy truth, and do not sell it;buy wisdom, instruction, and understanding.

Solomon advises his son about the immense value of godly truth (Proverbs 1:7). The implication is that these characteristics are worth any price. The book of Proverbs uses these terms in characteristic ways. “Truth” is that which accurately describes reality; it is something factual. “Wisdom” is a capacity to act according to truthful information. “Instruction” is the general practice of acquiring knowledge and wisdom, usually by learning from a more experienced person. “Understanding” suggests someone experienced enough in their wisdom to teach those principles to others.

In most cases, these teachings don’t need to be purchased, in the literal sense. God makes these qualities available for free. Isaiah 55:1 appeals to everyone who thirsts to “come to the waters; and he who has no money, come, buy and eat! Come, buy wine and milk without money and without price.” James 1:5 promises: “If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask God, who gives generously to all without reproach, and it will be given him.” Further, “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom” (Psalm 111:10).

Truth lies in the pages of God’s Word. In His high priestly prayer Jesus spoke to the Father and declared, “your word is truth” (John 17:17). Through study of the Word, a believer gains instruction and understanding. The apostle Paul requested of God that He fill the Colossian believers “with the knowledge of his will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding” (Colossians 1:9).

Verse 24. The father of the righteous will greatly rejoice;he who fathers a wise son will be glad in him.

Once again Solomon emphasizes the joy felt by parents when their children act with good sense and integrity (Proverbs 15:20; 23:15–16, 25). This verse, along with the next, implies that whether a person lives wisely is their own choice. Scripture encourages parents to raise children with wisdom and discipline (Proverbs 13:24; 22:6), while recognizing that children must make their own decisions (Proverbs 13:1; 15:5; 28:7). A child who acts contrary to godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7) brings grief to their parents (Proverbs 17:21).

The highest degree of wisdom is demonstrated in reverence for God and obedience to His will. Jesus, the Son of God, pleased His heavenly Father by exercising wisdom and doing His will. Jesus said, “I always do the things that are pleasing to him [the Father]” (John 8:29). When Jesus was transfigured on a mountain, God the Father exclaimed, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased; listen to him” (Matthew 17:5).

To be seen as righteous in God’s sight requires trust in Christ as Savior (Galatians 2:16; 3:11). God sees the born-again believer as righteous in Christ, and He imparts righteousness to the believer. This is sometimes referred to as “imputed” righteousness (Romans 3:21–22; 2 Corinthians 5:21). This also means Christ imparts within us the capacity to lead a righteous life (Romans 8:1–4).

Verse 25. Let your father and mother be glad;let her who bore you rejoice.

A son or daughter’s wise, righteous living causes his parents to rejoice. This is the second half of a comment started in the previous verse (Proverbs 23:24). In this section, Solomon outlined ways in which a child can make their parents glad. Such a person does not envy sinners (Proverbs 23:17). They incline their heart to follow the right path through life (Proverbs 23:19). They avoid the influence of drunkards and gluttons (Proverbs 23:20). They pay close attention to the wisdom of their father and respect their mother (Proverbs 23:22). They make a sincere effort to gain godly wisdom and understanding (Proverbs 23:23).

Even when He was a child, Jesus exhibited conduct and character that must have brought joy to Joseph and Mary. Luke 2:51 says He was submissive to Joseph and Mary, and Luke 2:52 says He “increased in wisdom and in stature and in favor with God and man.” When a son shows similar conduct and character, his father and mother rejoice.

Verse 26. My son, give me your heart,and let your eyes observe my ways.

Solomon urges his son to emulate him. This appeal is a call for Solomon’s son to pattern his ethics after those of his father. Solomon wanted his son to lead a godly lifestyle like his own. To do that, the son would need to carefully notice how Solomon lived; this is the meaning of the phrase about his eyes. The need for careful observation is directly tied to Solomon’s warning about sexual sin (Proverbs 23:27), which begins with a term meaning “because” or “since,” most often translated as “for.” The importance of this advice—to “look” at a godly lifestyle—counters the way sexual temptation often begins with one’s eyes (Proverbs 6:25; Matthew 5:28). Tragically, Solomon himself was tempted into sin by intimate relationships (1 Kings 11:4).

In the New Testament we read Jesus’ command to His disciples to follow Him. He said, “If anyone serves me, he must follow me” (John 12:26). In other words, Jesus’ followers must take the same path through life that Jesus took. They must imitate Jesus’ righteous life of service. The apostle Paul urged the Philippian believers to follow the example Jesus set, He writes: “Have this mind among yourselves, which is yours in Christ Jesus” (Philippians 2:5).

Context Summary
Proverbs 23:26–35 contains a portion of thirty wise sayings endorsed by Solomon (Proverbs 22:17–21). In verse 26, he again pleads for his words to be heard. The warnings given here are more extensive than most others in this book. The first sounds an alarm about sexual temptation, comparing it to a trap or an ambush. The second goes to great lengths discouraging drunkenness, because of its effects and the danger of addiction.

Verse 27. For a prostitute is a deep pit;an adulteress is a narrow well.

In the prior verse, the reader was encouraged to keep their eyes on a godly example. This verse trades on that metaphor. Sexual sin often starts with the eyes (Matthew 5:28). Failing to care for where one looks can be as dangerous as being careless about where one steps. The imagery here parallels other proverbs which speak of sinful temptations as traps (Proverbs 5:22; 7:22–23; 22:14; 28:10). Even in the modern world, narrow voids are dangerous because they so easily catch persons off guard. To trip over a divot is risky enough; to fall into a deep cavity can be fatal.

The Hebrew phrasing of this verse implies the entire category of sexual temptation. The two examples represent what modern persons might distinguish as “fornication” and “adultery.” The “prostitute” summarizes those who deliberately tempt others for money, or sport. The “adulteress” represents those who betray others in their sin. Whether the tempter is married or unmarried, both offer something spiritually deadly. Similarly, the literal phrasing refers to women tempting men; the principle applies to any person regardless of gender. Sexual sin violates God’s design for intimacy. It also brings tremendous risks, both physically and socially (Proverbs 6:27–35).

Verse 28. She lies in wait like a robberand increases the traitors among mankind.

This concludes one of the book of Proverbs’ many warnings about sexual sin (Proverbs 23:26–27). On numerous occasions, Solomon sounds an alarm about the dangers and consequences of lust (Proverbs 5:22; 6:27–35; 28:10). While the phrasing implies a woman who tempts a man, the principle applies to all people and situations. Here, the concept of sexual temptation as a trap is magnified. The tempting person is depicted waiting in ambush, springing out to attack.

The point is not that all sexual temptations come from deliberate predators. Some do, which is a good reason to be cautious, but Scripture has a broader idea in mind here. The emphasis is on the suddenness and deep peril those temptations present. Part of avoiding those traps is awareness: diligently looking for dangers and acting accordingly (Proverbs 4:23). Sexual temptation can be difficult enough to overcome, let alone when it catches someone completely off guard.

One of Jesus’ famous parables was about a man who was traveling from Jerusalem to Jericho when robbers pounced on him, stripped him of his clothes, and left him to die in the road (Luke 10:30). Sexual temptation, metaphorically, is like a robber, catching the unsuspecting and, when acted upon, inflicting wounds on their souls that can be healed only by the grace of God.

The reference to “increases the traitors” is from a Hebrew figure of speech not easy to translate. In a spiritual sense, those who are sexually immoral drag other people into their sin; they add to the number of people rebelling against God’s goodness. The phrase might also be used to imply the frequency of sexual sin, implying that lust is responsible for many people’s moral failures.

Verse 29. Who has woe? Who has sorrow?Who has strife? Who has complaining?Who has wounds without cause?Who has redness of eyes?

Beginning with this verse, Solomon turns his attention to the sin of drunkenness. Verses 29 through 35 of this chapter are the Bible’s most vivid description of the consequences of alcohol abuse. Wines, beers, and other “strong drink” were available in the ancient world (Deuteronomy 14:26; Numbers 6:3; Luke 1:15). Scripture does not give a blanket command for believers to avoid all alcohol consumption. However, the Bible makes it clear that alcohol is not to be used carelessly (Ephesians 5:18; Proverbs 20:1). It’s also important to note that the modern world offers easier access to intoxicating drinks, with much greater potency, than was typical in biblical eras.

Many modern western cultures include the idea of “happy hour,” where bars offer discounted drinks to increase business. Given what Solomon describes here, and how often modern people set aside sensible views of alcohol, that’s a deeply misleading title. The next verse notes that those who drink to excess (Proverbs 23:30) are the ones subject to “woe…sorrow…strife…complaining…wounds…[and] redness of eyes.” Alcohol is a significant factor in many accidents, acts of violence, life-altering mistakes, and addictions. Those who drink to excess put themselves—and others—in harm’s way through those risks. All too often, the drink is blamed, rather than the drunkard taking full responsibility for their choice to consume.

Later verses will mention dangers such as hallucinations and uncontrolled speech (Proverbs 23:33), loss of physical control (Proverbs 23:34), loss of awareness and addiction (Proverbs 23:35).

Verse 30. Those who tarry long over wine;those who go to try mixed wine.

Scripture does not prohibit all consumption of alcohol. However, the Bible is noticeably clear about the dangers of drunkenness. Those warnings are especially meaningful in the modern era; alcoholic drinks tend to be more potent and more easily acquired than in the ancient world. The prior verse (Proverbs 23:29) listed various maladies; this verse associates those with drinking to excess.

To “tarry” is to delay or spend excessive time on something. Too much drinking leads to drunkenness (Ephesians 5:18) and all the problems it brings. When drinking becomes a routine part, even a necessary aspect, of one’s lifestyle, that should be a cause for concern (1 Corinthians 6:12). Many teachings in the book of Proverbs warn about drunkenness (Proverbs 20:1; 21:17; 23:29–35). Other books give similar advice (Isaiah 5:22; Habakkuk 2:15; 1 Timothy 3:8; Titus 2:3). This section of chapter 23 is the Bible’s most detailed, direct caution about this subject.

Other Scriptures contain vivid examples of the consequences of drunkenness. Noah’s excess drinking led to family shame and a curse (Genesis 9:20–25). Lot’s daughters used alcohol to conceive children with their own father (Genesis 19:30–38). Several questionable decisions in the Bible are associated with those made “merry” with alcohol (Judges 16:25; Esther 1:10; 1 Samuel 25:35–38; 2 Samuel 13:28). Those charged with certain responsibilities were advised to nearly or completely abstain from drinking (Leviticus 10:9; Numbers 6:3; Proverbs 31:4).

The concept of “mixed wine” is not clearly explained in Scripture. The literal phrase found here is seen in Isaiah 65:11. References to the same idea appear in Proverbs 9:2, Proverbs 9:5, and Song of Solomon 7:2. Most likely, this means drinks mingled with other substances to change the taste, or even to make them more intoxicating.

Verse 31. Do not look at wine when it is red,when it sparkles in the cupand goes down smoothly.

This continues the Bible’s most detailed warning about the dangers of drunkenness. Prior verses detailed how excessive drinking leads to problems (Proverbs 23:29–30). Other Scriptures contain warnings and cautionary tales about those who become drunk (Proverbs 20:1; Genesis 19:30–38; Judges 16:25–30; Ephesians 5:18). Wine and other intoxicants are alluring, but this passage advises a person to avoid being tempted by them.

To avoid those harms, Solomon uses the symbolism of the eyes, telling the reader to not even look at such substances. Both in metaphor and reality, the “eyes” indicate where a person focuses their attention. Many references in the Bible to “looking” at something are more about choosing to consider something, or dwelling on it, and not about merely perceiving an image (Genesis 31:12; Joshua 24:15; Proverbs 23:26). Many biblical references to sin and temptation begin with someone “seeing” something—these references are not merely about vision, but where that person chose to place their attention. Eve sinned after she “saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise” (Genesis 3:6). Samson sinned after he saw one of the daughters of the Philistines and told his parents to get her for him as his wife (Judges 14:1–2). David sinned after “he saw from the roof a woman bathing” (2 Samuel 11:2).

Verse 32. In the end it bites like a serpentand stings like an adder.

Sin often comes with immediate, short-term pleasures, followed by drastically larger consequences. Drunkenness is among the worst in this regard (Proverbs 23:29–30). Countless lives have been altered by accidents, violence, careless words, and poor decisions fueled by alcohol. Here, Scripture compares the initial pleasures of drinking (Proverbs 23:31) to the end results it can bring (Proverbs 16:25). The imagery here is that of a snakebite: a sudden, unexpected moment that quickly leads to death and ruin.

Serpents and adders, in this context, are deadly snakes (Acts 28:1–6). Just as no one wants to risk being bitten by a venomous snake, no one should treat alcohol with a careless attitude. Scripture does not prohibit all consumption of alcohol (Psalm 104:14–15; Proverbs 3:10; John 2:3–10). Yet it condemns drunkenness (Ephesians 5:18) and offers several warnings to that effect (Proverbs 20:1; Genesis 19:30–38). Most modern cultures offer easier access, and more powerful drinks, than were available in the ancient world; these warnings are arguably more applicable now than they were then.

Verse 33. Your eyes will see strange things,and your heart utter perverse things.

This continues the Bible’s most detailed warning about the dangers of drunkenness. Earlier verses noted troubles that come from excess drinking (Proverbs 23:29–32). They also introduced the idea that alcohol tends to be attractive, at first, only to strike like a poisonous snake, with deadly results. It is tragically common to hear about accidents, mistakes, fights, or other life-changing events happening because of the effects of alcohol.

One of the consequences mentioned here are hallucinations. Those mired in addiction, especially, can experience drastic changes in their perception thanks to alcohol. Even those who are “only” drunk experience confusion, a lack of self-control, and poor decision-making. They become numb to their surroundings (Proverbs 23:34). Those effects often combine to lead a drunk person to commit acts they would never have done while sober. Sadly, many who choose to drink attempt to blame the alcohol for their errors—though they were the ones who chose to drink in the first place. Lot’s example is one of the most horrific. He was depicted as a righteous man who detested the sensual conduct of the wicked (2 Peter 2:7). Yet when his daughters conspired to get him drunk, he committed incest (Genesis 19:30–38).

The apostle Paul strongly condemns drunkenness in Romans 13:13. He writes: “Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy.” In 1 Corinthians 5:11, he told believers “not to associate with anyone who bears the name of brother if he is guilty of sexual immorality or greed, or is an idolater, reviler, drunkard, or swindler—not even to eat with such a one.” Paul’s words emphasize how serious drunkenness is. While alcohol, itself, is not universally prohibited, Scripture commands believers not to become intoxicated (Ephesians 5:18).

Verse 34. You will be like one who lies down in the midst of the sea,like one who lies on the top of a mast.

Solomon gives further warnings about drunkenness (Proverbs 23:29–33). This statement is part of an extensive description of the dangers of becoming intoxicated. Among those are health symptoms, as well as the serious risk of acting without self-control. A drunk person loses inhibitions, judgment, coordination, and is prone to confusion and numbness. Those make it possible for them to act in ways they never would have considered while sober.

Here, the imagery suggests two different ideas. One echoes the prior warnings about danger; a person who “lies down in the midst of the sea” is likely to drown. A person who becomes drunk is putting themselves at the mercy of their surroundings, which can be deadly. In a more literal sense, the drunkard staggers and struggles to control their body. The person at the top of a mast experiences the same waves as those on the ship’s deck, but greatly amplified.

One might hope if a drunk could see his condition, he would abstain from abusing alcohol again. Yet alcohol is also addictive. As the next verse notes, those who are prone to excess drinking often choose to escape back into intoxication, rather than face the consequences of their choices (Proverbs 23:35).

Verse 35. “They struck me,” you will say, “but I was not hurt;they beat me, but I did not feel it.When shall I awake?I must have another drink.”

In a drunken stupor, one can be almost oblivious to pain. Even when covered with bruises, he says, “They struck me, but I was not hurt.” His thoughts are not on his pain, but on the next drink. While this sounds like a good thing, pain is one of the ways our bodies warn us of danger. Being numbed to pain means being unaware of harm being done to the body. This is one of the many consequences of intoxication given in this passage of the book of Proverbs (Proverbs 23:29–34). Insensitivity, lack of awareness, lack of inhibition, and blurred senses are why alcohol factors into so many accidents, acts of violence, and life-altering mistakes.

Rather than recoil at this, a person controlled by alcohol instead seeks to get back to a drunken state. Solomon’s warnings about the abuse of alcohol should be taken seriously by everyone, but especially by believers. Believers are clearly commanded not to be controlled by wine, “for that is debauchery,” but to be controlled by the Spirit (Ephesians 5:18). When alcohol controls a person, he is unable to do what he should do. He does only what his instincts and the world around him push him to do. However, the believer who is controlled by the Spirit does what he ought to do and lives according to God’s will (Ephesians 5:15–21).

End of Proverbs 23

Please Note:

The material use in this post, video is from BibleRef.com which is from Got Questions Ministries and is posted here to be read by Immersive reader in the Edge Browser. If you copy this material please follow these rules:

•Content from BibleRef.com may not be used for any commercial purposes, or as part of any commercial work, without explicit prior written consent from Got Questions ministries.

•Any use of our material should be properly credited; please make it clear the content is from BibleRef.com.

•BibleRef.com content may not be altered, modified, or otherwise changed unless such changes are specifically noted.