Down to Earth But Heavenly Minded

What does Proverbs Chapter 12 mean?

Chapter 12 continues to offer individual statements of common sense and godly wisdom.

The first portion of this chapter compares the various lifestyles of God-fearing people (Proverbs 1:7) to the lives of those who choose foolishness and sin. Among the highlights of this advice is the “stupidity”—the irrationality—of those who refuse to take good advice. Likewise, it is noted that it’s better to “be” successful, even if others do not know it, rather than to “appear” successful and be a failure. Solomon also connects a person’s treatment of animals to their righteousness (Proverbs 12:1–11).

The next part of chapter 12 makes frequent references to speech. Those who lie put themselves at risk: their own deceit, eventually, contradicts itself and they will be caught. Those who patiently hold their tongue, waiting to speak until they have something useful and helpful to say, are wise. In contrast are those who can’t control their speech, hurting other people and damaging their own reputation in the process. Of special distaste to God are those who persistently lie (Proverbs 12:12–23).

The last statements of this chapter return to the opposing results of godliness, versus sin. Hard work, honesty, goodness, and kind words benefit a person and those around him. Laziness, lies, and rebellion against God are paths to disaster (Proverbs 12:24–28).

Chapter Context
Proverbs 12 continues Solomon’s wise sayings. A large portion of the book of Proverbs includes these short, common sense pieces of advice. After a series of introductions and lessons in chapters 1—9, chapter 10 began a long list of individual statements. In this chapter he continues to contrast the righteous and the wicked, showing that the life of the righteous is far better than the life of the wicked. This pattern will continue, covering the same basic theme, through chapter 15.

Verse by Verse

Verse 1. Whoever loves discipline loves knowledge,but he who hates reproof is stupid.

Life is filled with trial and error. Most people learn from their mistakes. A bruised knee is adequate motivation for a child learning to ride a bicycle. He gains the desire to practice more, so he can balance properly. A student learns from mistakes in homework assignments and exams what is wrong and what is right. A child receives correction from a parent for misbehaving, and he changes the misbehavior. Everyone faces a learning process when starting a new job, learning what performance is acceptable. He goes on to correct what is unacceptable and to do what is expected.

Those are all natural and beneficial ways of responding to the “discipline” implied here by Solomon. A wise person takes correction and criticism under consideration. The contrast to this is the one who refuses to hear those corrections. Such a reaction marks the person as “stupid.” The term used here implies someone with an animal’s uncontrolled and simplistic mind. Those who refuse to be corrected are like unreasoning animals (2 Peter 2:12). They may be highly intelligent, and well-educated, but the person who refuses to be corrected is inarguably “stupid,” in that sense.

The use of the terms “love” and “hate” here must be understood in their ancient contexts. Solomon is not primarily speaking about emotions. Rather, this implies an extreme contrast between preferences. The point is not that godly people “enjoy” being corrected. Rather, it’s that they welcome constructive criticism and seek to apply it. Those who ignore those lessons have chosen to “hate” them and are acting stupidly.

Context Summary
Proverbs 12:1–11 describes the righteous person and the wicked person. Solomon contrasts their character, their conduct, their relationship to the Lord, and the consequences of their behavior.

Verse 2. A good man obtains favor from the Lord,but a man of evil devices he condemns.

According to this verse, a good man, one who obeys God’s instructions (John 14:15; Proverbs 1:7), receives the Lord’s blessing. A good man performs his work “heartily, as for the Lord and not for men” (Colossians 3:23). Because of his service to the Lord, he will receive the spiritual inheritance as his reward (Colossians 3:24).

Solomon writes in Proverbs 8:35, “For whoever finds [wisdom] finds life and obtains favor from the LORD.” Psalm 84:11 echoes the truth that the Lord blesses the righteous. It proclaims: “For the LORD God is a sun and shield; the LORD bestows favor and honor. No good thing does he withhold from those who walk uprightly.” Jesus taught this truth. In Luke 6:35 he said, “But love your enemies, and do good, and lend, expecting nothing in return, and your reward will be great.”

Solomon also points out here that the Lord condemns the person who practices evil. “Devices” is another word for schemes or plotting. Colossians 3:25 assures us that “the wrongdoer will be paid back for the wrong he has done.” Even if the person thinks they are escaping consequences in this life (Proverbs 10:2–4), eternity will prove them wrong (Proverbs 10:7).

Verse 3. No one is established by wickedness,but the root of the righteous will never be moved.

This verse teaches that evil behavior, by its own nature, can never bring a person to a place of stability and peace. It cannot “establish” anything but the expectation of judgment. The book of Proverbs makes multiple references to the ultimate fate of those who defy God (Proverbs 9:13–18; 11:7), in contrast to those who follow Him (Proverbs 1:7).

Likely, Solomon had in mind the Israelites’ occupation of the Promised Land. The Lord had promised to keep them in the Promised Land if they obeyed Him. However, He assured them they would be uprooted if they worshiped false gods and refused to obey His commandments (Deuteronomy 31:15–20). Unfortunately, the people of Israel failed to worship and obey the Lord. Centuries later, after failing to observe the Sabbath years and to worship only the Lord, they were exiled by the cruel Babylonians, and spent 70 years in Babylon.

A modern application of this statement is assurance. Believers may be discouraged under persecution, or when seeing evil people enjoying temporary prosperity (Psalm 73:2–3). Followers of Christ can take comfort in knowing that blessing comes to the righteous, whereas punishment comes to the wicked (Hebrews 4:13; Revelation 20:11–15). Believers are secure in the Lord’s hands.

Verse 4. An excellent wife is the crown of her husband,but she who brings shame is like rottenness in his bones.

Having written about a good man (Proverbs 12:2), Solomon writes now about an excellent wife. Using regal terminology implies that such a woman possesses noble character and ability. Just as a crown identifies a man as royalty to others, a good woman does the same by bringing her husband honor and dignity.

Proverbs 31 describes such a woman in further detail. Among the many things she does, the writer of Proverbs 31 says she does her husband good (Proverbs 31:12). She is far more valuable to her husband than jewels (Proverbs 31:10), and wisdom and kindness flow from her mouth (Proverbs 31:26). Ruth was an excellent woman. Boaz complimented Ruth, whom he eventually married, by saying, “All my fellow townsmen know that you are a worthy woman” (Ruth 3:11).

Unfortunately, not all wives are excellent. Solomon writes here that a wife who lacks discretion (Proverbs 11:22) by inviting a bad reputation, or ridicule, also brings her husband pain. Just as decaying bones would cause severe pain, so a wife of ignoble character causes her husband great angst. Choosing a wife, therefore, is an extremely important matter. While Solomon speaks immediately to his “sons,” (Proverbs 1:8), the concept is not limited to wives. Both spouses can be honored, or shamed, by the conduct of their partner.

Verse 5. The thoughts of the righteous are just;the counsels of the wicked are deceitful.

Godly people naturally lean towards thoughts and attitudes which agree with a “just” God. They desire what is fair and honest for themselves and others. They do not scheme to take advantage of another person. Philippians 4:8 directs believers to think on things that are true, honorable, just, pure, lovely, and commendable. Their thoughts should focus on excellent, praiseworthy things. Thoughts mold character, and character guides one’s conduct.

Genesis 6 portrays the evil ways of the civilization that preceded the Noahic flood. Verse 5 tells us: “The LORD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.”

Like the thoughts of the wicked in Noah’s day, the thoughts of the wicked in Solomon’s lifetime were deceitful. Today, too, wicked people openly harbor warped, dishonest thoughts. They offer counsel that leads others astray. They suggest that evil is good and good is evil (Isaiah 5:20).

Verse 6. The words of the wicked lie in wait for blood,but the mouth of the upright delivers them.

The wicked try to deceive people so they can perpetrate violence against them (Proverbs 1:10–13). The righteous, however, offer guidance designed to rescue those who would otherwise be deceived.

When the scribes and chief priests wanted to arrest Jesus, they sent spies. These men pretended to be sincere about hearing Jesus’ teaching, but they wanted to catch Him in something He said (Luke 20:19–20). The spies questioned Jesus and complimented Him on His teaching, but Jesus knew they were crafty, and their words were insincere (Luke 20:23). Luke reports that Jesus’ wise answer spoiled their attempt (Luke 20:26). Instead, they were amazed at His answer and became silent.

Satan, the father of lies (John 8:44), uses his emissaries to spew twisted words to deceive people, but Jesus uses messengers of the gospel to rescue people by speaking the truth. Second Corinthians 4:1–6 reveals a battle between Satan and the messengers of the gospel for the minds of sinners.

Verse 7. The wicked are overthrown and are no more,but the house of the righteous will stand.

Solomon notes again that the wicked will experience an abrupt end. Reliance on worldly resources and money is foolish (Proverbs 11:4–7). Trusting in an all-powerful and all-good God is always a safe choice (Proverbs 10:25). In fact, the evil person’s attempt to destroy others is likely to lead to his own ruin (Psalm 9:15–16).

The book of Daniel relates the story of King Darius’s high officials who despised Daniel and tried to destroy him. They persuaded Darius to pass a law that forbade everyone from requesting anything of any god or man for thirty days except of Darius. The penalty for breaking this law was death by hungry lions. Daniel broke the law by praying to the true God. He was subsequently thrown into a den of lions. However, the Lord protected Daniel, and Darius brought him out of the den. He then commanded that Daniel’s accusers be tossed to the lions. “The lions overpowered them and broke all their bones in pieces” (Daniel 6:24). As for righteous Daniel, he prospered (Daniel 6:28).

Ultimately, the wicked will be consigned to hell (Revelation 20:11–15), but the righteous will enjoy eternal bliss in heaven (Revelation 21:1–4).

Verse 8. A man is commended according to his good sense,but one of twisted mind is despised.

According to this verse, people respect and say good things about a person of sound judgment, but they sneer at those whose thinking is distorted. There is certainly a tendency to criticize others not because of “how” they think, but rather whether they agree with us (Proverbs 24:23–25; James 2:9). That, itself, is poor judgment. In most cases, fair-minded people are recognized and respected even by those who strongly disagree with their conclusions.

First Samuel 3 provides a striking contrast between wise Samuel and the sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas. The sons’ thinking was distorted. Samuel ministered before the Lord and spoke with integrity and sound judgment, but Eli’s sons had evil minds and sinned against the Lord. When the Lord called Samuel to serve as prophet, priest, and judge, He told him: “Behold, I am about to do a thing in Israel at which the two ears of everyone who hears it will tingle. On that day I will fulfill against Eli all that I have spoken concerning his house, from beginning to end. And I declare to him that I am about to punish his house forever, for the iniquity that he knew, because his sons were blaspheming God, and he did not restrain them” (1 Samuel 3:11–13). Unlike Hophni and Phinehas, who lost the respect of the people and the blessing of the Lord, Samuel grew and enjoyed the Lord’s presence, Samuel spoke wisely and the whole land of Israel “knew that Samuel was established as a prophet of the LORD” (1 Samuel 3:20).

Verse 9. Better to be lowly and have a servantthan to play the great man and lack bread.

Solomon extols the virtue of humility. His contrast here is both humorous and profound. It makes no sense to be arrogant when that attitude leaves you destitute. There is no shame in being humble when your humility is part of your success. In other words, is it better to “be successful” or to “appear successful”? According to passages such as this, it’s better to be obscure, meek, and successful than to be a braggart whose reputation goes well beyond his actual accomplishments. The empty boaster stands in sharp contrast to the humble man, and his life is as empty as his boast.

David displayed humility. When Saul’s servants told David that Saul wanted him to become his son-in-law, David replied, “Does it seem to you a little thing to become the king’s son-in-law, since I am a poor man and have no reputation?” (1 Samuel 18:23). Although the Lord Jesus was the Son of God, He humbled Himself and became a man (Philippians 2:8). He described Himself as “gentle and lowly in heart” (Matthew 11:29).

The apostles Peter and John carried apostolic credentials but had no money to give to a beggar. Peter humbly told him, “I have no silver or gold, but what I do have I give to you. In the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, rise up and walk” (Acts 3:6). The apostle Paul displayed humility by identifying himself as the foremost sinner (1 Timothy 1:15).

Verse 10. Whoever is righteous has regard for the life of his beast,but the mercy of the wicked is cruel.

This verse sets an important perspective for a biblical view of animal rights. While God created all animals for the use of mankind (Genesis 1:28; 9:3), He also expects us to respect and care for those resources, not to abuse them. In fact, Solomon connects a person’s righteousness to their treatment of animals. The point is not that those who love God must be vegetarians nor is this giving an idolized sense of animal values. The message is that a godly perspective on creation naturally leads to respect for all creatures. The God-fearing (Proverbs 1:7) person will treat them kindly, feed them properly, and care for them when they hurt.

In his regard for his animals, the righteous person resembles the Good Shepherd, Jesus. The Good Shepherd cares for the basic needs of His flock (Psalm 23:2). He protects them (John 10:3–4, 11). In a related passage, Deuteronomy 25:4 commanded the farmers of Israel not to muzzle an ox when it is treading out the grain. A cruel farmer would muzzle his ox to prevent it from eating some grain. While this might save some time, and a tiny amount of harvest, it is unkind and unhelpful to the animal.

In contrast to godly attitudes, a wicked person’s approach to animals can’t be anything more than cruelty. Even their “mercy,” in such a case, is relatively harsh and abusive. Cruelty to animals is seen today in staged dog fights, in starving animals, in animal beatings, in neglecting proper care of pets, and in abandoning helpless animals. Believers need to be careful not to elevate animals to equal human beings (Genesis 1:26–27). However, preventing animal cruelty and rescuing abused animals both reflect a godly attitude towards creation.

Verse 11. Whoever works his land will have plenty of bread,but he who follows worthless pursuits lacks sense.

In this verse Solomon contrasts the value of productive work with the foolishness of wasting time. In Israel’s agricultural society, wise farmers understood the high importance of working the land at the right time. Plowing and seeding were essential to a harvest, and a harvest put food on the table. A fool, however, would spend his time pursuing fantasies, like trying to find hidden treasure. In a modern context, it makes sense for a person to pursue employment, care for their home and family, and such. Foolish people leave those tasks undone while they spend time on other, unimportant things.

Scripture does not forbid rest, relaxation, or fun. God does not expect people to work themselves into a joyless exhaustion (Genesis 2:2–3; Exodus 20:8–11). What He does teach is the importance of doing what needs to be done, when it ought to be done (Proverbs 6:6–11).

A spiritual application of this principle would be the urgency of reaching others with the gospel (Matthew 28:19) while there is time to do so. The contrast would be failing to harvest souls because of a mind consumed with earthly pursuits. Jesus told His disciples not to delay in the harvesting of souls. He said, “Do you not say, ‘There are yet four months, then comes the harvest’? Look, I tell you, lift up your eyes, and see that the fields are white for harvest” (John 4:35). The psalmist observed, “Those who sow in tears shall reap with shouts of joy! He who goes out weeping, bearing the seed for sowing, shall come home with shouts of joy, bringing his sheaves with him” (Psalm 126:5–6).

Chasing things of little or no value may mean avoiding the labor involved in contending for Christ (Philippians 1:27; 1 Timothy 4:10), but diligent soul-winning produces a harvest and great joy!

Verse 12. Whoever is wicked covets the spoil of evildoers,but the root of the righteous bears fruit.

According to this verse, wicked people are never content with what they have. They are even jealous for what other evil people are able to gain. One could imagine this person being like a weed or a parasite that exists only to suck the life out of others. In contrast, the person who follows godly wisdom (Proverbs 1:7) is like a healthy root that supports a fruit-bearing plant or tree. The truly righteous person is content with what the Lord provides.

Jesus taught us not to obsess over material goods on earth. Rather, we should focus on building up treasure in heaven (Matthew 6:19–33). The wicked person strives to obtain treasures on earth. To him life consists only in worldly goods; he has no interest in what is eternal (Luke 12:15–21). The righteous person, on the other hand, sees life in the perspective of eternity. He lives to honor the Lord, and he does not worry about material things. He seeks “the things that are above, where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God” (Colossians 3:1). His life is fruitful because he walks by the Spirit (Galatians 5:16, 22–23).

Context Summary
Proverbs 12:12–23 continues Solomon’s contrast of a wise righteous person and a wicked fool. In this segment, he focuses mainly on their different speech patterns. He points out that the words of a liar are an abomination to the Lord, whereas the Lord delights in the words of a wise person.

Verse 13. An evil man is ensnared by the transgression of his lips,but the righteous escapes from trouble.

Solomon teaches that an evil person is entangled in a trap by what he says. A common English expression refers to a “web of lies,” speaking to the complicated tangle that comes with dishonesty. A natural, unavoidable risk of deceit is when those webs collapse on themselves. Sooner or later, a liar will be caught in their own web. As Solomon notes, the ungodly person lies about others and curses them, but his evil speech boomerangs and ensnares him. Psalm 7:16 declares that the wicked man’s “mischief returns upon his own head, and on his own skull his violence descends.”

This also comes with an eternal component. The wicked man’s corrupt words are evidence of his corrupt nature, and they will hold him accountable on the day of judgment. Jesus said, “I tell you, on the day of judgment people will give account for every careless word they speak, for by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned” (Matthew 12:36–37).

Because a righteous person speaks words that disclose the righteous nature of his heart, he will not be condemned. Those who tell the truth don’t have to worry about catching themselves in their own lies. Words matter, and therefore they should be expressed thoughtfully and prayerfully. If the word of Christ dwells in a person richly, edifying, grateful words will issue from him (Colossians 3:16–17).

Verse 14. From the fruit of his mouth a man is satisfied with good,and the work of a man ‘s hand comes back to him.

Solomon alleges that a man’s good words produce “satisfaction.” This means that honest, godly words come back to him with as much benefit as the work of his hands. Ecclesiastes 11:1 states, “Cast your bread upon the waters, for you will find it after many days.” By blessing others with kind, encouraging words, a righteous person will gain the respect and love of others.

Jesus taught that goodness and kindness will be repaid. He said, “Judge not, and you will not be judged; condemn not, and you will not be condemned; forgive, and you will be forgiven; give, and it will be given to you. Good measure, pressed down, shaken together, running over, will be put in your lap. For with the measure you use it will be measured back to you” (Luke 6:37–38). Words wisely spoken echo back to a righteous person from the lips of those whom he blesses and thereby satisfy the heart.

Verse 15. The way of a fool is right in his own eyes,but a wise man listens to advice.

One of the primary hallmarks of a “fool,” in Scripture, is summarized here. The root word ‘eviyl, in Hebrew, means a hardened, thickheaded person who will not listen to reason. This is not a person lacking intelligence, but someone who refuses to let sound advice penetrate his head. The same concept is applied in Proverbs 1:7 as a fundamental reason why people don’t respond to godly truth. Proverbs chapter 10 reflects this kind of “foolishness” multiple times.

A fool rejects the counsel nature provides that God exists (Romans 1:19–20). He convinces himself that there is no God. Psalm 14:1 declares, “The fool says in his heart, ‘There is no God.’” A person may have a PhD, but he is a fool if he denies the existence of God.

Furthermore, a person who trusts in riches instead of in God is a fool. In a parable, God called a certain rich farmer a fool because he trusted in a bountiful harvest instead of in God. God said to him, “Fool! This night your soul is required of you, and the things you have prepared, whose will they be?” (Luke 12:20). Proverbs 14:12 assures us “there is a way that seems right to a man, but its end is the way to death.” By contrast, a wise man heeds advice. He accepts nature’s testimony that God exists. He takes to heart the instruction Scripture gives him. He follows God’s will and not his own.

Verse 16. The vexation of a fool is known at once,but the prudent ignores an insult.

The prior verse (Proverbs 12:15) spoke of a “fool” as a person who is hard-headed, or stubborn, or resistant to advice. When such a person is annoyed, perhaps by a sharp disagreement or an insult, he loses control and shows his anger. In contrast, a wise person stays calm under similar circumstances. There’s a strange contradiction in the life of someone who strongly resists correction (Proverbs 1:7) yet succumbs quickly to their own frustration. Then again, both problems have the same root cause: selfish arrogance.

A wise person controls his emotions. He does not fly off the handle at the slightest provocation. He manifests self-control, which is produced by the Holy Spirit (Galatians 5:22–23). The apostle Peter reminds us that Jesus did not revile in return when He was reviled. Neither did He threaten others when He suffered. Instead, He “continued entrusting himself to him who judges justly” (1 Peter 2:23). In 1 Peter 3:9–11, Peter writes: “Do not repay evil for evil or reviling for reviling…’whoever desires to love life and see good days, let him keep his tongue from evil and his lips from speaking deceit; let him turn away from evil and do good; let him seek peace and pursue it.’” It is a mark of godliness to remain calm when circumstances or mean-spirited people annoy us.

Verse 17. Whoever speaks the truth gives honest evidence,but a false witness utters deceit.

The comment made here seems like a “truism”—a self-affirming or obvious remark—at first. Taken lightly, the English translation seems to say honest people are honest, and liars lie. The context of these phrases, however, involves the kind of “evidence” and “witness” one would expect to see in a courtroom. The word for “truth” here is emu’nāh, implying a person’s perception of what is real and actual: a sincere, open conviction. Also, the Hebrew indicates a person who “breathes” truth. The person whose life is marked by natural, innate honesty gives trustworthy testimony (Matthew 5:37). In contrast, the person who habitually lies can’t be trusted, no matter what they say. Each witness reveals his character by what he says.

The apostles Peter and John gave truthful evidence about Jesus before the rulers, elders, and scribes. They testified honestly that Jesus is the Messiah who had risen from the dead. When the rulers, elders, and scribes commanded them not to speak or teach in Jesus’ name, the apostles answered, “We cannot but speak of what we have seen and heard” (Acts 4:20). Their honest witness showed clearly that they were righteous. On the other hand, the witnesses who had appeared before the chief priests and the Jewish council were deceitful. Matthew 26:59 reports that “the chief priests and the whole council were seeking false testimony against Jesus that they might put him to death.” Although many false witnesses showed up, they were disqualified. All these false witnesses demonstrated their unrighteous character.

Verse 18. There is one whose rash words are like sword thrusts,but the tongue of the wise brings healing.

An English proverb encourages people to ignore hurtful words: “sticks and stones can break my bones, but words can never hurt me.” While that’s true in a physical sense, words can cause damage of their own. While children are especially vulnerable, even adults often recall words that cut them deeply, like a sword into their spirit. The tongue can be used to hurt others or to heal their anxieties and sorrows (Proverbs 12:25). Unkind words can pierce the heart like swords. Snide remarks, gossip, undue criticism, cursing, name-calling, and false accusations hurt people, and should not be spoken by believers (Colossians 4:6).

A recent statement from Solomon adds context to this advice. Earlier, Scripture warned against foolishly speaking one’s mind without restraint (Proverbs 12:16). The hurtful words this verse condemns are specifically said to be “rash,” using a Hebrew term also seen in Leviticus 5:4. Both contexts involve speaking carelessly, or thoughtlessly. The ability to control one’s tongue—to consider words carefully before speaking—is a hallmark of godly wisdom (Proverbs 10:19; 11:12; 17:28; James 3:2, 5).

The Galatian believers had fallen into the habit of hurting one another with unkind words, so Paul warns, “If you bite and devour one another, watch out that you are not consumed by one another” (Galatians 5:15). Writing to the Ephesians, Paul commands: “Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths” (Ephesians 4:29). He adds in verse 31: “Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice” (Ephesians 4:31). In the same chapter, he endorses the use of healing language. He urges the believers to use words that build one another up (Ephesians 4:29) and writes: “Be kind to one another” (Ephesians 4:32). A wise person will use his tongue to encourage others (1 Thessalonians 4:18; Hebrews 10:24).

Verse 19. Truthful lips endure forever,but a lying tongue is but for a moment.

This verse emphasizes that positive, truthful speech has a lasting quality. While the harm done by lies can linger (Proverbs 12:18), dishonesty tends to expose itself (Proverbs 12:13). Lies self-destruct and destroy those who make them. Truth endures because there is nothing deceptive or false about it.

In a deeper, eternal sense, words are indicators of the condition of one’s heart (Matthew 15:18). Those whose lives are identified with deceit and lies are defying God. Jesus noted that “out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks” (Matthew 12:34). In view here is not an occasional telling of the truth or an occasional telling of a lie, but rather, prolonged practices. Believers make it a practice—a way of life—to tell the truth, and those who make a practice—a way of life—to lie demonstrate a lack of faith in God. Believers will live forever, but unbelievers will experience judgment, the second death mentioned in Revelation 20:14.

“Only a moment” in Proverbs 12:19 translates a Hebrew phrase which means the same as the English expression “blink of an eye.” Judgment will fall on unbelievers swiftly, in the blinking of an eye (Proverbs 29:1).

Verse 20. Deceit is in the heart of those who devise evil,but those who plan peace have joy.

The prophet Jeremiah correctly observed: “The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately sick” (Jeremiah 17:9). The need to lie, and the habit of lying, are pronounced in those who seek their own selfish interests instead of godliness (Proverbs 3:32).

Jacob’s heart was full of deceit when he plotted to steal Esau’s birthright. He took advantage of Esau’s hunger by offering him bread and lentil stew in exchange for the birthright (Genesis 25:29–34). Later, he deceived his father Isaac. His mother put the skins of young goats on Jacob’s hands and neck so visually-challenged Isaac would mistake him for Esau and bless him accordingly (Genesis 27:1–26). However, years later, the Lord changed Jacob’s heart (Genesis 32—33), and Jacob came to properly honor God. God can still change the human heart!

This proverb affirms that there is great benefit in having good intentions for others. The peacemaker (Matthew 5:9) finds joy by helping others find peace with God and with others (Romans 12:18). Paul encouraged two feuding women in the church to end their differences by finding agreement in the Lord. He referred to faithfuil fellow believers as his joy and crown (Philippians 4:1–¬3).

Verse 21. No ill befalls the righteous,but the wicked are filled with trouble.

Each passage of the Bible fits into a particular genre, or literary style. The book of Proverbs contains statements which are exactly that: “proverbs,” which are general purpose statements of common sense. These are meant to be understood in that sense of broad, typical observation. Scripture notes very clearly that evil people sometimes achieve access (Psalm 73:2–3) and that good people can be stricken with hardship (Psalm 22:1; Habakkuk 1:2–4). Proverbs also notes, however, that the “righteous” who honor God put themselves at much less risk of such consequences than those who dabble in evil (Proverbs 6:27–28; 11:8).

Certainly, godly people experience disaster. Like others, they have trials. They know firsthand what it is to experience illness, loss of property, and loss of loved ones. A tornado may destroy their home. Financial loss may severely reduce their income. However, they do not face calamity alone. The Lord is with them in every trial, supplying grace, strength, and hope. The patriarch Job experienced numerous hard trials (Job 1:12; 2:6–7), but he possessed the secure hope of resurrection and seeing the Lord someday (Job 19:25). Eventually, the trials ended, and the Lord blessed Job with twice as much as he had before hardship struck (Job 42:10). The wicked lack the comforting presence of the Lord when they encounter trials, and they do not have an eternal hope (Proverbs 11:7).

Verse 22. Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord,but those who act faithfully are his delight.

Once again (Proverbs 6:17), Solomon associates lying with the Lord’s disgust. It is an abomination to Him. To lie is to reject the Lord’s commandment: “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor” (Exodus 20:16). Also, lying stands in sharp contrast to God’s nature. Titus 1:2 affirms that God never lies. Jesus, the Son of God, not only spoke truth at all times, He is also the truth, itself (John 14:6). Liars testified against Jesus at the trial that led to His crucifixion, and liars will spend an eternity apart from God (Revelation 21:8).

Those who act with integrity and honesty bring delight to the Lord. To “act faithfully” is to do what corresponds to a clean conscience (1 Timothy 1:5) and a sincere effort to do what one has promised to do (Matthew 5:37). Every believer should be a person whose word is truthful and dependable. If he signs a contract, he should meet the terms of the contract. If he makes a promise, he should keep it. Others should know he is a man of his word. Such honesty in word and deed delights the Lord.

Verse 23. A prudent man conceals knowledge,but the heart of fools proclaims folly.

This sentiment resembles Proverbs 17:28. The simple ability to keep control of one’s tongue is a sign of wisdom. At the very least, it’s better to say nothing than to babble out something foolish. Even if others might think poorly of the silent person, there is great advantage in being careful with one’s words (Proverbs 10:19). An English proverb derived from these ideas says, “it’s better to be silent and thought a fool than to speak and remove all doubt.”

The word translated “prudent” here also means “sensible.” A person with good sense does not feel led to ramble about what he knows, or thinks he knows. It is wise to keep quiet about one’s knowledge, waiting for the right moment to offer good advice. In that restraint, a person shows humility. In contrast, a fool is quick to speak, likely to spit out something inane rather than helpful. Such a person is vain and ignorant (Proverbs 12:16). He mistakes his foolish counsel as wisdom that he feels compelled to share with anyone within earshot (Proverbs 13:16).

Verse 24. The hand of the diligent will rule,while the slothful will be put to forced labor.

The term translated “diligent” here is also used in Proverbs 10:4, Proverbs 12:27, and Proverbs 13:4. The term is related to words that imply something sharp or cutting. The impression seems to be someone effective, in control, and making progress. The other verses where this idea is used also imply someone who is hardworking, in contrast to someone lazy or distracted with trivial things. For the most part, “diligent” workers are more likely to be promoted into positions of authority, while those who are lazy tend to be left to the least desirable tasks.

A diligent person has self-control. He rules the circumstances in which he finds himself, rather than being ruled by them. The apostle Paul was diligent. He disciplined his body (1 Corinthians 9:26–27), and he pressed on to become spiritually mature (Philippians 3:12). Even when he was under house arrest in Rome, he did not let harsh circumstance dominate his thoughts and feelings. He learned to be content in every situation (Philippians 4:11). He writes also: “I know how to be brought low, and I know how to abound. In any and every circumstance, I have learned the secret of facing plenty and hunger, abundance and need. I can do all things through him who strengthens me” (Philippians 4:12–13).

Context Summary
Proverbs 12:24–28 comes after demonstrating several contrasts between the speech patterns of the righteous and the wicked. In this passage, Solomon provides several commendations of those who seek God’s will.

Verse 25. Anxiety in a man ‘s heart weighs him down,but a good word makes him glad.

Solomon points out in this verse that worry is not a small burden. The cares of this world can weigh heavily on the heart and cause a person to despair or feel depressed. However, a kind word, a word of encouragement, can lift his drooping spirit and cheer him up. This echoes the sentiment of Proverbs 12:18, which spoke about the healing or hurting power of words. Other Proverbs also note the importance of carefully choosing and applying our words (Proverbs 10:31–32; 11:12; 15:1).

Jesus warned against anxiety. He said, “Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear’” (Matthew 6:31). He offered words of encouragement by saying, “But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you” (Matthew 6:33). The apostle Paul, too, warned against anxiety and told his readers to pray about everything with thanksgiving (Philippians 4:6). He promised that anxiety would cease and God’s peace would guard the heart and mind (Philippians 4:7). Furthermore, the Holy Spirit has come alongside believers to encourage us in our walk with the Lord. Jesus called Him the Helper who would be with us forever (John 14:16). When we are tempted to worry, the Helper brings Scriptures to mind that assure us of God’s presence and provision.

Verse 26. One who is righteous is a guide to his neighbor,but the way of the wicked leads them astray.

Solomon asserts that those who pursue godliness and truth (Proverbs 1:7) can provide genuine help for others. Those who are selfish and ungodly will draw people in the wrong direction. A consistent theme of the book of Proverbs is that godly wisdom is a means to life and success (Proverbs 3:9–12), while rejecting God leads to disaster (Proverbs 10:27; 11:7).

In a world that is morally and spiritually dark, people are easily led astray. Often, modern media portrays sin as glamorous and appealing. The gullible are easily enticed to engage in sinful practices (Proverbs 9:13). However, believers have the Word of God and the Holy Spirit to lead them away from sin and into the paths of righteousness (1 Corinthians 10:13).

Paul exhorted believers to let their manner of life be worthy of the gospel of Christ (Philippians 1:27) and to “do all things without grumbling or disputing, that you may be blameless and innocent, children of God without blemish in the midst of a crooked and twisted generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world” (Philippians 2:14–15). By leading a righteous life, believers provide light in a dark world. The light illumines the way to Christ and a righteous life for others to follow.

Verse 27. Whoever is slothful will not roast his game,but the diligent man will get precious wealth.

This verse again contrasts the lazy person and the hard worker. The phrasing used here is awkward to translate, leading to several possibilities. The difficulty here is a Hebrew word typically translated “roast,” but which isn’t used anywhere else in the Bible. The person depicted might be so idle that they don’t even cook the food they catch. Alternately, the point may be that they’re too sluggish to seek out food, or prey, so they go hungry, instead. Either phrase, “to hunt” or “to roast” is a possible translation of the word in question.

Paul addressed the sin of laziness in his second letter to the Thessalonians. He counseled the church not to contribute to a person’s laziness by including him in the church’s welfare program. He said, “If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat. For we hear that some among you walk in idleness, not busy at work, but busybodies” (2 Thessalonians 3:10–11).

By contrast, Solomon predicts that the hard-working person will obtain wealth. A common English proverb is that “money does not grow on trees” (Proverbs 6:6). Scripture includes the idea that hardworking people can still suffer loss (Job 1:20–21), and that evil people sometimes seem to prosper (Psalm 73:2–3; Habakkuk 1:2–4). And yet, the general case is exactly what this verse states: laziness pulls a person towards poverty, while hard work moves them in the right direction (Proverbs 10:4).

Verse 28. In the path of righteousness is life,and in its pathway there is no death.

A common theme in the book of Proverbs is that pursuit of God’s truth—righteousness—leads a person to greater safety and success (Proverbs 3:9–12). The Bible takes note that life is not always just; evil people sometimes succeed (Psalm 73:2–3; Habakkuk 1:2–4) and good people can suffer tragedy (Job 1:20–21). The truth of this proverb is much like that of a doctor who tells a patient, “exercise and eat well and you will live longer.” While accidents and illnesses may occur, it’s clearly true that those who make good decisions put themselves at less risk than those who are foolish. Nowhere is that more impactful than whether a person chooses to follow God (Proverbs 9:1–6), or their own desire (Proverbs 9:13–18).

Solomon’s meaning here might be temporal blessing or everlasting life. Those who possess righteousness through faith in Jesus Christ (Romans 4:5; 2 Corinthians 5:21) have abundant life (John 10:10). Furthermore, righteous individuals carry the message of life to others. They and all who respond to the gospel have passed from death unto life and will never experience eternal death. The righteous enjoy a good life now and an even better life in eternity. The path of life is one that follows the steps of Jesus. He is the resurrection and the life, and all who trust in Him as Savior will never experience eternal death (John 11:25–26). Romans 8:1 affirms: “There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.”

The wicked may think they are on the right path, but they are headed for eternal condemnation (Proverbs 11:7; John 3:36).

End of Proverbs 12

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