Studies in the Epistle to the Hebrews, Part 2 of 2, by Daniel C Snaddon

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The Perfection Of The Priest Chapter 8 verses 1-6

Beginning at chapter eight the writer introduces a new discussion and begins by stating the chief point of the whole argument. He has proved conclusively in the opening chapters the superiority of the person of Christ, and demonstrated that Christ was provided as our Great High Priest, functioning after the pattern of the Aaronic priesthood, but established according to the order of the Melchizedek priesthood. Therefore the power of Christ’s priesthood has been fully explained in chapter seven, and in chapter eight the emphasis will be laid upon the fact of the exalted position occupied by Christ our Great High Priest.

THE MINISTER OF A BETTER SANCTUARY

A PRIEST OF HEAVENLY MAJESTY verses 1-3

1. The Perfect Provision for the believer

“We have such an High Priest”

This sums up all that has been said regarding the perfections that surround the glorious Person of CHRIST as our Great High Priest.

2. The Position the Priest Occupies

“Sat down on the right hand of the throne of the majesty in the heavens”

In laying emphasis upon the exaltation of Christ one should take time to look at the four places in Hebrews where mention is made regarding Christ having sat down at the right hand of the throne.

3. The Proof of an Effectual Sacrifice

The priesthood would be but an empty name, if the priest had no sacrifice. But Christ ministers in heaven because of His own perfect sacrifice.

A PRIEST WITH A HEAVENLY MINISTRY VERSES 4-6

1. The Contrast between the Earthly and the Heavenly

Here again great emphasis must be placed upon the exaltation of Christ because if He were still on earth He could not be a priest. Also, His exaltation was necessary to confirm His sacrifice.

2. The Character of the Earthly and Heavenly Sanctuaries

Moses constructed the earthly tabernacle according to the pattern shown to him by God when he was in the holy mount. The earthly tabernacle was only a shadow of the real thing in heaven. Aaron functioned as a representative priest in that which was only a copy. Christ our Great High Priest ascended into the real thing in heaven above and then sat down in virtue of His perfect sacrifice.

Jesus in His heavenly temple, sits with God upon the throne;

Now no more to be forsaken, His humiliation gone.

On His heart our names are graven, On His shoulders we are borne;

Of our God beloved is Jesus, we can love Him in return.

The Mediator Of A Better Covenant Chapter 8 verses 6-13

A covenant is an agreement between two parties consenting to certain conditions set down for the purpose of attaining some object of mutual desire.

The covenant between God and man, however, must never be thought of merely as a contract between two equal parties. Rather, God is the sole initiator who sets down the terms under which the agreement will go into effect. He then invites man to join with Him in it and obtain the blessings and benefits involved in the covenant.

THE OLD COVENANT IS FACTUALLY DESCRIBED Exodus 20

1. The Old Covenant was Frail

Man was unable to keep the agreement.

2. The Old Covenant was Faulty

It could not justify the sinner or take away his sin.

It could not make perfect as concerning the conscience.

It could not procure access with freedom into the holiest of all.

3. The Old Covenant was Figurative

This will be expanded and proved in chapter nine.

THE NEW COVENANT IS PROPHETICALLY DESCRIBED Jeremiah 31:31-34

1. The New Covenant is absolute; The Old Covenant was conditional.

2. The New Covenant is spiritual; The Old Covenant was carnal.

3. The New Covenant is universal; The Old Covenant was local.

4. The New Covenant is eternal; The Old Covenant was temporal.

5. The New Covenant is internal; The Old Covenant was external.

THE NEW COVENANT IS HISTORICALLY PRESENTED Luke 22:20

The new covenant is not really introduced by the birth of Christ, but the records of the four gospels all lead up to the great climax which is the death, resurrection, and triumphant ascension of Christ. So by the shedding of His blood Christ has introduced the new covenant which abides eternally.

THE NEW COVENANT IS DOCTRINALLY EXPOUNDED Hebrews 8

1. There is a fuller revelation of God’s Law.

Written upon their hearts.

2. There is a fuller revelation of Fellowship.

God and His people united.

3. There is a fuller knowledge of the Will of God.

For all shall know me.

4. There is the forgiveness of sins by God.

Comprehensive and complete.

A debtor to mercy alone, of covenant mercy I sing;

No fear with God’s righteousness on, my person and offerings to bring.

The terrors of law and of God, with me can have nothing to do,

My Savior’s obedience and blood hide all my transgressions from view.

Chapter 9

Two great ordinances which lay at the foundation of Israel’s national life and determined their relationship to God, were the Passover and the Day of Atonement. The Passover is described in Exodus 12 and interpreted in 1 Corinthians 5. The Day of Atonement is described in Leviticus 16 and is interpreted in Hebrews 9.

THE FAILURE OF THE OLD COVENANT verses 1-10

THE SANCTUARY DESCRIBED

The furniture in the holy place

The furniture and contents in the holy of holies

THE SERVICE DETAILED

The daily ministrations by the priest in the holy place

The yearly ministration by the High Priest in the holy of holies

THE SIGNIFICANCE DECLARED

An object lesson to explain spiritual truths until such times as things could be brought to a satisfactory state of completion.

THE FORCE OF THE NEW COVENANT verses 11-22

AN ABIDING PRIEST

In contrast to the changing priesthood under the old covenant.

AN ACCEPTABLE SACRIFICE

In contrast to the symbolic sacrifices.

AN ACCOMPLISHED WORK

In contrast to the unfinished and continuous work.

AN ASSURED PEOPLE

In contrast to a trembling and insecure people.

AN APPROVED TESTAMENT

The New Testament has been sealed and approved because of the death of the testator, and can never be altered or disannulled.

THE FULLNESS OF CHRIST’S OFFICE verses 23-28

ATONEMENT AT HIS FIRST APPEARING The Past

The four Gospels give the record of His first appearing and the climax when He offered Himself as the sacrifice on Calvary.

ADVOCACY AT HIS PRESENT APPEARING The Present

The Acts of the apostles through the Epistle of Jude portray His present session in the glory as representing His redeemed people in the presence of God.

ADVENT AT HIS NEXT APPEARING The Future

The book of Revelation proclaims the glorious fact of His appearing again, and it will be in majesty and power and righteousness.

Chapter 10 verses 1-18

Under the Levitical economy a priest was provided in the person of Aaron, and Aaron the priest was provided with a sanctuary in which to function (The Tabernacle). A form of sacrifices were also established whereby the priest could approach to God and have an acceptance with God.

Under the new economy, namely, Christianity, we have a superior priest who is Jesus Christ, the Son of God and He functions in a superior sanctuary, which is heaven, and now in chapter ten we learn the superiority of Christ’s sacrifice over the animal sacrifices that were offered under the Levitical order.

THE DEFICIENCY OF THE LEVITICAL SACRIFICES verses 1-4

1. COULD NOT BRING TO COMPLETENESS

The objective of priesthood and sacrifices was to bring the sinner into a desired relationship with God, but the Levitical order failed to do so.

2. COULD NOT GIVE CLEANSING TO THE CONSCIENCE

The sacrifices under the Levitical order could not deliver from the fear of sins being imputed to the sinner, and therefore could not provide a sure foundation for a permanent peace. The conscience was not cleansed.

THE SUFFICIENCY OF THE SACRIFICE OF CHRIST verses 5-18

1. THE WILL OF GOD verses 5-10

The Will of God is beautifully blended in with the Incarnation, and in this connection there is a blessed unity and harmony with the Trinity.

a. The body was prepared by God the Father.

b. The body was produced by the power of God the Holy Spirit.

c. The body was possessed by God the Eternal Son.

2. THE WORK OF CHRIST verses 11-14

a. THE COMPLETENESS OF HIS WORK

In contrast to the continual sacrifices that were made by the Levitical priests, Christ completed the work of reconciliation with one sacrifice.

b. THE SUFFICIENCY OF HIS WORK

The many sacrifices made by the Levitical priests were never able to give satisfaction to God or fully meet the needs of sinful man, but Christ has given satisfaction God-ward and made a full provision man-ward.

c. THE PERPETUITY OF HIS WORK

He sits at the right hand of the throne in heaven (the place of authority) in contrast to the earthly priests who only stood continually in God’s presence.

3. THE WITNESS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT

The Holy Spirit bears witness by being the author of the written word.

The Holy Spirit bears witness by applying the truth of the word.

The Holy Spirit bears witness by attesting the word and the work.

Not all the blood of beasts on Jewish altars slain

Could give the guilty conscience peace or wash away one stain.

But Christ the heavenly Lamb took all our sins away,

A sacrifice of nobler name, and the richer blood than they.

Chapter 10 verses 19-25

We now leave the doctrinal section and begin our study of the practical application of the teaching of the epistle as it relates to the Christian life and the first major issue is the privilege and duty associated with worship.

BLESSINGS PROVIDED FOR US verses 19-21

1. THE PRIVILEGE OF APPROACH verse 19

This is based upon the perfect sacrifice made by Christ and is a summary of the truth presented in detail in Hebrews 10:1-18.

This blood of Christ perfectly satisfies the claims of God’s Holy Throne, removes every barrier, and provides for us the right approach.

2. THE PERPETUAL ACCESS verse 20

We have an open sanctuary and access to God’s presence at all times in contrast to the limitations under the law. This verse is a summary of Hebrews chapter nine.

3. THE PERFECT ASSURANCE verse 21

“Having a High Priest over the house of God”

This is a summary of the principle section of the epistle. We have the perfect priest representing us in the presence of God. We can rejoice that we have an acceptance with assurance.

BINDING OBLIGATIONS UPON US verses 22-25

In this section we shall note a threefold obligation introduced with the words “Let us” and these are duties to God, to the world, and other Christians.

1. OUR DUTY TOWARD GOD “Let us draw nigh”

a. Sincerity: Drawing nigh to God must be marked by an attitude of sincerity of heart, and not merely by expressions of the lips, or certain postures.

b. Confidence: Not confidence in myself or even in my faith, but confidence in the all-sufficiency of Christ and His work to maintain my standing before God.

c. Suitability: Recognizing what Christ has accomplished on our behalf we can approach with a purged conscience and a sanctified body.

2. OUR DUTY TOWARD THE WORLD “Let us hold fast the confession of our hope”

A confession is something that we hold with others who have a common conviction and having once made that confession there is the responsibility to maintain it before the world, being fully confident that Christ is faithful to keep His promise, and having begun the good work in you He will perform it to the end.

3. OUR DUTY TO OTHER CHRISTIANS “Let us consider one another”

By good example and correct teaching we should stir up our fellow Christians to express themselves by love and good works. Not by isolation, but by fellowship in the corporate testimony for mutual help and encouragement.

“The holiest now we enter in perfect peace with God

Regaining our lost center through Christ’s atoning blood.

Though great may be our dullness in thought and word and deed;

We glory in the fullness of Him who meets our need.”

Chapter 10 verse 26-39

A SOLEMN WARNING TO US

THE WILLFUL SIN EXPOSED verses 26-31

1. A GRAVE PERIL

It is possible to be enlightened and then presumptuously to sin against the light received. The only thing before a person in this state of soul is no acceptance with God.

2. A GREAT PUNISHMENT

Where the sacrifice of Christ is rejected, the only prospect for the Christ-rejecter is the devouring fiery indignation of God coming upon all of His enemies.

3. A GODLY PRINCIPLE

The person who despised the law of Moses received this sentence, he died. The severity of the sentence upon the man was that he died “without mercy.” But there had to be sufficient evidence, “two or three witnesses.”

a. Sin against God the Father who gave His Son

To despise and reject the Son of God is an insult to God the Father who sent Him.

b. Sin against the Son of God who shed His blood

“Counted” signifies a deliberate contemptuous rejection of the sacrifice of Christ.

“Unholy” implies that they treated it as not being sacred, but just a common thing.

c. Sin against God the Holy Spirit

“Despite” means they treated the Holy Spirit with an insulting attitude.

THE WORDS OF ENCOURAGEMENT verses 32-34

The writer now encourages his readers to remember the former days and the events which characterized their early Christian experiences.

SUFFERING ENDURED

Their first experiences had not been easy. They had passed through a great fight of affliction but they had endured.

SYMPATHY EXPRESSED

In passing through times of affliction they had learned by experience how to show sympathy to others who were passing through a similar experience of affliction.

SACRIFICE EXHIBITED

Some had lost their worldly goods because they had become Christians, but this they accepted with joy because they knew that in heaven they possessed better and more enduring things.

THE WORDS OF EXHORTATION verses 35-39

The writer now views the future and gives words to exhort the Christian.

1. THE CALL TO COURAGE verse 35

2. THE NEED FOR CONTINUANCE verse 36

3. THE COMFORT OF HIS COMING verse 37

4. THE CONDUCT OF THE CHRISTIAN verse 38

5. THE CONCLUDING WORD OF CONFIDENCE verse 39

Chapter 11 verse 1-7

This is the “Hall of Fame” for the pilgrim heroes and the entrance appears like an archway. The columns represent the past and the present as they relate to faith, and the arch points on to the future with confidence in the Word of God.

In the closing section of chapter 10, there were exhortations to faith, hope, and love. These three graces are developed in the remaining chapters. Chapter 11 is devoted to the great truth of life lived on the principle of faith, chapter 12 deals with hope, and chapter 13 with the great theme of love.

The key to the understanding of the teaching presented in chapter 11 is the statement, “The just shall live by faith,” Hebrews 10:38.

ABEL FAITH WORSHIPPING GOD verse 4

1. His approach to God was commended

He approached God according to the way that God had made known and his sacrifice was more excellent that the sacrifice of Cain.

2. His acceptance by God was certified

“God testifying of His gifts” Able was accepted on the basis of sacrifice.

3. His approval by God is continued

“He being dead yet speaketh” God placed Abel’s testimony on record.

ENOCH FAITH WALKING WITH GOD verses 5 & 6

1. The Commencement of this walk

It commenced with a turning to God at the time of a new birth.

2. The Consistency of this walk

Enoch continued to walk with God for three hundred years and it was a life of harmony, holiness, and happiness.

3. The Consummation of this walk

He was translated by God that he should not see death. This translation was a new thing and it was sudden, supernatural, and solemn.

NOAH FAITH WORKING FOR GOD verse 7

1. The Warning he received and believed

He was warned of coming judgment. The nature of the judgment was something new. Noah was a pioneer of faith because he believed God’s word.

2. The Work he commenced and completed

He constructed the ark according to the pattern he received from God.

He continued with the work and exercised patience for many years.

3. The Witness he gave and received

He witnessed to the world because he was a preacher of righteousness.

He received witness from God that he was an heir of righteousness.

Chapter 11 verse 8-22

ABRAHAM AND LIFE: ON THE PRINCIPLE OF FAITH

In the section that deals with Abraham the writer gives a selection of events from Abraham’s life that would show to his readers why they should take joyfully the spoiling of their goods, knowing that, like Abraham, they had in heaven a better and enduring possession.

1. THE PROMPTNESS OF FAITH verse 8

When God called Abraham he promptly obeyed, placing his entire future and well-being in the hands of God.

2. THE PILGRIMAGE OF FAITH verses 9 & 10

Abraham left his country with all of its material privileges to go to another country of which God would tell him, and there he lived as a pilgrim and a sojourner but in faith anticipating the city of God.

3. THE PRODUCTIVENESS OF FAITH verses 11 & 12

Abraham learned by bitter experience that patience must be exercised in order to produce the fruit of faith. Abraham believed God and it was counted unto him for righteousness, but he had to wait God’s time before Isaac could be born.

4. THE PROSPECT OF FAITH verses 13-16

This prospect was associated with the promises. These who died in faith were fully persuaded that the God who promised was able to perform, so they continued in the life of faith and concluding life’s journey, died in faith.

5. THE PROVING OF FAITH verses 17-19

Abraham had his faith tested on three major occasions and each time he was triumphant. He obeyed the call of God when he didn’t know where he was going. He believed God when he didn’t know how it could happen. He obeyed God when he didn’t understand why he was being asked to surrender Isaac. The last test was the greatest to Abraham’s faith. But he reckoned that God would keep His promises even if it meant that Isaac should die and rise again from the dead.

ISAAC AND THE PLEDGE OF FAITH verse 20

The failures in the life of Isaac are eclipsed by his act of faith. According to Genesis 27, Isaac desired to act according to fleshly impulses, but when this was overruled by God, then Isaac submitted to the divine will and upheld the blessing pronounced on Jacob. By faith he affirmed this blessing at the opening of Genesis 28. He blessed his sons concerning things to come, and this was his expression of faith.

JACOB AND THE PRIVILEGE OF FAITH verse 21

When Jacob pronounced his blessing upon the sons of Joseph, it was by faith. It could not be by sight since he was old and almost blind. It was an intelligent and determined act, crossing his hands and placing the right hand upon the head of Ephraim. He could not be deferred by the interference of Joseph.

JOSEPH AND THE PROPHECY OF FAITH verse 22

Joseph in his dying hours looked beyond the burdens and the blessings of this life and spoke of that which God had promised to do. He declined the usual burying in an Egyptian tomb with all its honor, but he instructed his people to give him a simple burial in the land of promise.

Moses And Life On The Principle Of Faith Chapter 11 verses 23-40

1. FAITH IN THE HOUR OF CRISIS verse 23

This verse deals with the faith exercised by the parents of Moses.

a. The Perception of their faith “They saw he was a goodly child.”

b. The Protection of faith “They hid him for three months.”

c. The Power of faith “They were not afraid of the king’s command.”

2. FAITH AT THE TIME OF CHOICE verses 24-26

a. The choice of Relationship

Would he be related to the people of Egypt or related to the people of God?

b. The choice of Realities

The pleasures of sin for a season or suffering with God’s people for a season.

c. The choice of Riches

He could have the riches of Egypt, but these would soon vanish away and be lost. Or he could have a share in the riches of Christ for all eternity.

3. FAITH AND THE COURAGE OF A GREAT COMMANDER verses 27-29

a. The Calmness of Faith

When Moses was threatened by Pharaoh, he stood calm and resolute.

b. The Covering of Faith

On the night of the Passover, the lamb was slain and the blood was applied to the doorposts (which was an act of faith) and they were covered thereby.

c. The Conquest of Faith

With the cruel enemy pursuing them and the sea lying before them, Moses believed God and in faith stepped forward and crossed over as by dry land.

JOSHUA AND LIFE ON THE PRINCIPLE OF FAITH verse 30

FAITH IN THE TIME OF CONFLICT

a. The conflict with Canaan and its sin

b. The conflict with the city of Jericho and its massive walls

RAHAB AND LIFE ON THE PRINCIPLE OF FAITH verse 31

Faith and the Confession of a sinful woman

a. She was related to a condemned people.

b. She was residing in a condemned place.

c. She responded in faith to a divine command.

d. She received by faith the divine commendation.

HEROES WHO LIVED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF FAITH verses 32-40

a. THE GREAT EXPLOITS OF FAITH

Note the six heroes and also the prophets. They all acted in faith at a time when everything was seemingly against them.

b. THE GREAT ENDURANCE OF FAITH

Consider the nameless multitudes who suffered and died for their faith.

c. THE GREAT EXPECTATION OF FAITH

They all looked forward and waited patiently for the better things that are prepared for them who love the Lord.

Hope The Great Incentive Chapter 12 verses 1-14

THE CHRISTIAN RACE verse 1-3

With the Christian life of faith likened unto a race we note:

1. IT IS A PUBLIC LIFE

A race is observed by the spectators and the judges (who pass the verdict).

All the cloud of witnesses in chapter 11 were people who lived public lives.

2. IT IS A PURCHASED LIFE

To run the race, every hindrance must be set aside and the sin (unbelief) which would hold us back must be forsaken.

3. IT IS A PROGRESSIVE LIFE

A person in a race does not stand still or spend time examining spectators.

He presses on till he reaches the finishing line.

4. IT IS A PRESCRIBED LIFE

A person in a race must stay in the prescribed area and cannot run just where he pleases. The Christian race is set before us as a prescribed course, and we must run according to the rules.

5. IT IS A PERSEVERING LIFE

The Christian race is not a short dash but a long distance marathon and calls for patience and endurance.

6. IT IS A PATTERNED LIFE

The great pattern to whom we look is JESUS, the author and finisher of faith. Consider Him who commenced, continued, and completed the course that was set before Him, and now as our perfect example is seated at the right hand of the throne of God in heaven. HE IS OUR PERFECT PATTERN. Keep your eye on HIM.

THE CHASTENING ROD verses 4-14

In connection with the truth of divine chastening one should learn to understand the true meaning of chastening and the object in view. Chastening may be retributive, educational, or preventative.

1. EXISTENCE OF CHASTENING

Its Meaning Striving against sin

Its Members Sons in the family

Its Method Whom the Lord loveth He chasteneth

Its Manner Scourgeth every son

2. THE EXERCISE CONCERNING IT

Do not despise chastening or else you will suffer loss.

Do not faint under chastening or else the end in view will be missed.

Be in subjection to it, exercised by it, and benefits will be gained.

3. THE EXHORTATIONS CONCERNING IT

Cheerfulness “Lift up the hands that hang down”

Carefulness “Make straight the paths for your feet”

Peacefulness “Follow after peace with all men”

Holiness “Follow peace and holiness”

Chapter 12 verses 15-29

This lesson deals with another warning and may well be termed:

THE PERIL OF DEPARTING

1. AVOID THE SINFUL VICES verses 15-17

a. FAILURE TO APPROPRIATE

This no doubt has reference to spiritual privileges, and apostates place no value upon such things. While apostates may not openly deny the doctrines, nevertheless they deliberately disobey them.

b. FOSTERING THE SPIRIT OF BITTERNESS

When the spirit of hatred and bitterness is encouraged it will do two things.

First: It will cause a lot of trouble.

Second: It will produce a state of defilement.

If the weeds are allowed to spring up, the flowers and vegetables will be choked.

c. FOOLISHLY DESPISING SPIRITUAL THINGS

Fornication is a sin against mankind and breaks the one table of the law.

Profanity is a sin against God and breaks the other table of the law.

2. APPROPRIATE THE SPIRITUAL VALUES verses 18-24

Mount Sinai with the law could never provide the way of salvation.

It could only produce and emphasize the knowledge of sin.

THE CONTRAST BETWEEN THE OLD COVENANT AND THE NEW COVENANT

THE OLD COVENANT THE NEW COVENANT

The awesome features of the old The attractive features of the new

Man was required to stand at a distance Man is now brought near

Surrounded by darkness Standing in the light

A state of natural disorders A state of spiritual order

3. ATTEND TO THE SUPREME VOICE verses 25-29

These closing verses of the chapter present a very practical appeal.

a. THE PRIVILEGE: “God hath spoken” and “God will speak”

It is of prime importance that we acknowledge and appreciate this outstanding privilege that God hath spoken and thus revealed His will.

b. THE RESPONSIBILITY: God has spoken, therefore we must listen.

Give obedience to the word that has been spoken.

Express gratitude for the blessings bestowed upon us.

Show devotion to God in engaging in reverent worship.

c. THE WARNINGS

Take the warning from past history.

Accept the warning from the word of prophecy.

Be guided by the warning of sound theology.

Chapter 13

LOVE, THE GLORIOUS MOTIVE

Chapter 11 presented FAITH as the power to live the Christian life.

Chapter 12 presented HOPE as the incentive to continue in the Christian life.

Chapter 13 presents LOVE as the motive for living a devoted Christian life.

PERSONAL EXHORTATIONS verses 1-6

1. CHARITY verses 1-3

Love of the brethren existed but required to be maintained in the face of trial.

This love would be expressed in hospitality and sympathy.

2. CHASTITY verse 4

The principle of marriage It is a divine institution.

The purity of marriage Marriage relationship is honorable.

The punishment for violation God will punish sexual immorality.

3. CONTENTMENT verses 5-6

The rule of contentment is commanded by God.

The reason for contentment is confidence in the promises of God.

DOCTRINAL EXHORTATIONS verses 7-19

1. CONSIDERATION verses 7-8

Remember your spiritual leaders and follow their example.

Remember Jesus Christ who abides the same throughout all ages.

2. CONTINUANCE verses 9-16

Continue in the essentials of Christianity, not in the externals of legality.

Continue in the place of separation, outside the secular and sacrilegious things.

Continue in the exercise of offering spiritual sacrifices, which please God.

3. CONSISTENCY verses 17-19

Consistency in our submission to the standard of rule.

Consistency in service by those who are rulers.

Consistency in our sincerity and mutual prayers.

GENERAL EXHORTATIONS verses 20-25

1. THE DOXOLOGY verses 20-21

This doxology sets forth what God has done and is doing through Christ.

The Conciliator, the Conqueror, the Caretaker, the Covenanter, the Completer, the Contractor, the Consummator

And unto Him will be ascribed all the glory and honor and power.

2. THE CLOSING APPEAL verses 22-23

In this appeal there is an explanation, some information, and an expectation.

3. THE SALUTATION verse 24

In this closing salutation there is mutual respect for one another and also the understanding of a common bond of fellowship.

4. THE BENEDICTION verse 25

GRACE: The one thing required in order to carry out the exhortations.

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